英文參考文獻格式附

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英文參考文獻格式（附范文8篇）

　　“英語參考文獻格式一般包括：①[序號]主要責任者、②文獻題名[文獻類型標識]、③出版地:出版社、④出版年:起止頁碼(可選)。不同種類的參考文獻格式可能有所不同。”下面是小編為大家整理的英文參考文獻格式，歡迎大家分享。

　　一、學術論文英文參考文獻標注格式。

　　按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)定，學術期刊中論文參考文獻的標注采用順序編碼制，即在文內的引文處按引用文獻在論文中出現(xiàn)的先后順序以阿拉伯數(shù)字連續(xù)編碼，序號置于方括號內。同一文獻在一文中被反復引用者，用同一序號標示。這一規(guī)定使得所列文獻簡潔明了，應該引起論文作者注意。英文參考文獻和中文參考文獻一樣，按在文中出現(xiàn)的先后順序與中文文獻混合連續(xù)編碼著錄;英文文獻用印刷體;英文書名、期刊名和報紙名等用斜體;所列項目及次序與中文文獻相同，但文獻類型可不標出;忌用中文敘述英文。其格式為：

　　專著、論文集、學位論文、報告-[序號]主要責任者。文獻題名。出版地：出版者，出版年。起止頁碼(任選)。

　　示例：[1]Day,C.,Veen,D.van,& Walraven,G. Children and youth at risk and urban education. Research,policy and prac-tice. Leuven/Apeldoorn:Garant. 1997.

　　期刊文章-[序號]主要責任者。文獻題名�？�，卷(期)：起止頁碼。

　　示例：[2] Driessen,G.,& Van der Grinten,M. Home language proficiency in the Netherland:The evaluation of Turkish andMoroccan bilingual programmes- A critical review,Studies in Educational Evaluation,1994,20(3)：365- 386.

　　論文集中的析出文獻-[序號]析出文獻主要責任者。析出文獻題名。原文獻主要責任者(任選)。原文獻題名。出版地：出版者，出版年。析出文獻起止頁碼。

　　示例：[3] Driessen,G.,Mulder,L.,& Jungbluth,P. Structural and cultural determinants of educational opportunities in theNetherlands. In S.Weil(Ed.)，Root and migration in global perspective. Jerusalem:Magnes Press.1999. pp.83- 104.[5]

　　報紙文章-[序號]主要責任者。文獻題名。報紙名，出版日期(版次)。

　　示例：[4] Lgnatieff,M. Keeping an old flame burning brightly. The Guardian,1998- 12- 20(12)。

　　電子文獻-[序號]主要責任者。電子文獻題名。電子文獻的出處或可獲得的地址，發(fā)表或更新日期。

　　示例：[5] Baboescu,F. Algorithms for fast packet classification. http://www lib.global.umi.com/dissertations/preview/3076340,2003.

　　二、關于英文人名的標注。

　　現(xiàn)行編排規(guī)范對英文人名如何標注未作明確要求，英文人名的標注較為混亂，有標注全名的，有標注時將名縮寫、姓不縮寫、保持原來順序的，還有在姓、名之間加圓點的，后者是我國翻譯作品中，中文書寫外國人名經常采用的一種方式。其實，標注英文人名是有章可循的，在國外學術著作的參考文獻中，關于人名的標注已約定俗成為一種統(tǒng)一的格式，即英文參考文獻標注作者姓名時，要求姓在前、名在后，姓與名之間用逗號隔開，姓的詞首字母大寫，其余字母不大寫;名用詞首大寫字母表示，后加縮寫符號圓點，縮寫符號不可省略。由于歐美國家人的姓名排列一般是名在前、姓在后，在標注時必須加以調整。如Georg Paghet Thomson,前面兩個詞是名，最后一個詞是姓，應標注為Thomson,G. P為什么要如此標注呢?筆者認為有以下原因。

　　1.在應用計算機等信息工具進行英文文獻檢索時，以英文作者姓名中的姓作為依據之一，即以姓作為檢索目標之一。

　　2.在歐美人姓名表達含義里，姓比名的重要性更強、更正式。用姓而不是名來代表作者，還有尊重、禮貌的意味。名縮寫后加縮寫符號圓點，也含有正式、尊重和禮貌的意味，縮寫符號不可省略。

　　3.表示與平常書寫姓名的不同，體現(xiàn)學術論文重要性、簡約性和準確性的要求，符合科研論文文體風格。這種標注在英文學術著作、科技文獻中已廣泛采用，也容易被廣大讀者、作者理解、接受。

　　對于復姓情況，如Jory Albores-Saavedra等，在引用標注時，應將復姓全部寫出，即Albores-Saavedra, J對于姓前帶有冠詞或介詞的情況，如帶有Mac,Le,Von,Van den等，標注時不能省略，應同姓一起提到前面標注，如Mac Donald,La Fontaina,Von Eschenbach,Van den Bery等。這里有個有趣的現(xiàn)象，對于北歐人常見的姓Van den Bery,如Van的詞首字母大寫，表示它是姓的一部分，標注時應與姓一起前置;如果作者姓名書寫為Graham van den Bery,其中van的詞首字母v沒有大寫，則表示它不是姓的一部分，姓Bery前置時，van den仍留在原來的位置，并且不可縮寫或省略，標注為Bery,G. van den.另外，對于“姓名+學位”的情況，標注時一般把“學位”刪去，不要將其誤認為姓或姓的一部分.

　　一個參考文獻有兩位或兩位以上作者時，標注時除按上述要求將每位作者的姓提前書寫外，作者與作者之間用逗號分開，最后一位作者前加&符號，如示例[1],也可僅保留前三位作者，之后加etc.表示。

　　三、關于英文參考文獻發(fā)表(出版)時間標注到年的問題。

　　發(fā)表(出版)時間是參考文獻的一項重要內容，標示引用文獻發(fā)表的歷史時間位置，是判斷引用文獻新舊的一個根據，不可遺漏。國外學術論著中參考文獻的發(fā)表(出版)時間標注到年，這與我國學術論著中參考文獻的標注規(guī)定相同。國外學術論著中參考文獻的發(fā)表(出版)時間的標注位置有標注在作者后的情況，并加圓括號，這是因為采用了“著者-出版年”制。我國學術期刊編排規(guī)范參考文獻的標注采用“順序編碼”制,發(fā)表(出版)時間標注靠后，如示例[1]、[3],應按此要求標注為是。

　　四、英文析出文獻名和原文獻名的標注。

　　由于現(xiàn)行編排規(guī)范對英文析出文獻和原文獻的標注書寫要求不夠明確，目前有把析出文獻名排成斜體，而把原文獻名(論文集名或期刊名等)排成正體的情況。這種標注方式是不對的，混淆了析出文獻名和原文獻名的效力，正確的編排要求與此相反，國外的普遍作法與我國學者的論述[4]要求一致，因此這一現(xiàn)象值得編輯同行注意。

　　英文書名在英文文章中出現(xiàn)有排成斜體的習慣，論文集名、期刊名或報紙名與書名效力相同，故排成斜體，析出文獻名相當于書中的章節(jié)標題，不具有書名的分量，故不可排成斜體。

　　在標注原文獻名及作者時，原文獻多指論文集或與之類似的著作，英文標注習慣上在編著者名前加詞首字母大寫的介詞In,作者姓名前后次序不作調整，名縮寫為詞首大寫字母，后加縮寫符號圓點，姓完整標出，不縮寫。作者后加編者一詞的縮寫形式及縮寫符號圓點，詞首字母大寫，外加圓括號，如標注為In S. Weil(Ed.)，如示例[3].然后斜體標注原文獻題名，后加注出版年，起至頁碼的縮寫形式pp.和析出文獻的起至頁碼。當原文獻有兩位或兩位以上作者時，作者姓名同上述情況一樣，前后次序不作調整，分別標出，編者一詞縮寫用復數(shù)形式Eds.,如In L. Eedering,& P. Leseman(Eds.)。

　　文獻類型不宜標出。文獻類型是我國編排規(guī)范制定的標注要求，國外并未采用。在中文中標注醒目、自然，在英文中此一項目的標注容易產生誤解和干擾。如果是為方便計算機在檢索或統(tǒng)計時辨識，是技術上的要求，那么就應當統(tǒng)一要求標注，從“可不標出”來看，尚未有技術上的要求。因而，文獻類型在英文參考文獻中不作標注為妥。

　　五、出版地和出版社(商)的標注。

　　出版地和出版社(商)是參考文獻的重要內容，標示版權信息，不可遺漏或省略。我國一部著作一般由一家出版社負責出版發(fā)行，出版地一般也就比較明確為出版社所在的城市。國外情況就比較復雜了，由于市場經濟高度成熟，語言通用程度高，著作權被普遍保護等原因，一部著作可能由不止一家出版社(商)合作出版發(fā)行，出版地也可能在不同國家的不同城市。當出版地有兩處或兩處以上、出版社(商)有兩個或兩個以上時，應當一一標出，中間用斜杠分開。如Amsterdam/Philadephia:Ben-jamins,又如Den Haag:Sdu/DOP出版地一般是出版社(商)所在的城市，標注城市名，不可標注為國家名。

　　參考文獻補充了文章的重要信息，涉及范圍十分廣泛。因而，希望在修訂現(xiàn)行編排規(guī)范時，對英文參考文獻的標注作明確規(guī)定，以便作者寫作和編者編輯時皆有章可循，亦使這項工作更加規(guī)范。

　　六、引用格式與參考文獻

　　1. 在論文中的引用采取插入作者、年份和頁數(shù)方式，如"Doe (2001, p.10) reported that …" or "This在論文中的引用采取作者和年份插入方式，如"Doe (2001, p.10) reported that …" or "This problem has been studied previously (Smith, 1958, pp.20-25)。文中插入的引用應該與文末參考文獻相對應。

　　舉例：Frankly speaking, it is just a simulating one made by the government, or a fake competition, directly speaking. (Gao, 2003, p.220).

　　2. 在文末參考文獻中，姓前名后，姓與名之間以逗號分隔;如有兩個作者，以and連接;如有三個或三個以上作者，前面的作者以逗號分隔，最后一個作者以and連接。

　　3. 參考文獻中各項目以“點”分隔，最后以“點”結束。

　　4. 文末參考文獻請按照以下格式：

　　a). 如果文獻是圖書，書名使用斜體。如果是文獻是書中的一篇文章，請參考舉例(2)

　　舉例: (1)Strunk, W., Jr., & White, E. B. (1979). The elements of style. (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan, (Chapter 4).

　　(2) Mettam, G. R., & Adams, L. B. (1994). How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In B. S. Jones, & R. Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E-Publishing Inc. pp. 281-304

　　b). 如果文獻是期刊或報刊中的文章，文章名加引號，期刊報刊名不需要加引號，

　　期刊舉例：Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J. A. J., & Lupton R. A. (2000). The art of writing a scientific article. Journal of Scientific Communications, 163, 51-59

　　報紙舉例： Smith, Joe. (2005). 3G Economy, Whose Economy: Report of 3G Century. Report of 21st Century Economy. 20 January 2005.

　　c). 如果文獻是網頁，請盡量包括作者，年份，題目，網址和檢索的時間。

　　舉例：Smith, Joe. (1999). One of Volvos core values. [Online] Available: http://www.volvo.com/environment/ (July 7, 1999)

　　七、常見問題和錯誤

　　1. 在英文論文中，一定不要出現(xiàn)漢字和中文字符。如果出現(xiàn)，會在英文排版系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)亂碼。

　　2. 一些標點中文和英文看上去相似，但在系統(tǒng)中卻不一樣，請注意不要在中文輸入狀態(tài)下輸入這個標點：逗號，引號，冒號，句號，橫杠，頓號，括號。

　　3. 為防止出現(xiàn)中文字符，英文論文完成后，請使用Word中“字數(shù)統(tǒng)計”功能查詢，“中文字符朝鮮語單詞”一項應該為“0”，如果不為0，表示英文翻譯中存在中文字符，請檢查修改。

　　4.工作單位的翻譯首先到單位的網站查詢英文名，當然所在單位若有自己的通用譯法，按照通用的即可。一定要保證發(fā)表出來的單位譯法科研處認可啊。

　　解釋：APA 格式，所謂APA 是American Psychological Association 的縮寫，是學社會科學的人在寫作學術論文必須要遵守的格式要求。

　　八、參考文獻的類型

　　參考文獻(即引文出處)的類型以單字母方式標識，具體如下： M——專著C——論文集N——報紙文章 J——期刊文章D——學位論文R——報告

　　對于不屬于上述的文獻類型，采用字母“Z”標識。對于英文參考文獻，還應注意以下兩點：

　�、僮髡咝彰捎谩靶赵谇懊诤蟆痹瓌t，具體格式是：姓，名字的首字母.如：MalcolmRichardCowley應為：Cowley，M.R.，如果有兩位作者，第一位作者方式不變，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：FrankNorris與IrvingGordon應為：Norris，F(xiàn).&I.Gordon.;

　�、跁罂褂眯斌w字，如：MasteringEnglishLiterature，EnglishWeekly。

　　九、參考文獻的格式及舉例

　　1.期刊類

　　【格式】[序號]作者.篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷號(期號)：起止頁碼. 【舉例】

　　[1]王海粟.淺議會計信息披露模式[J].財政研究，2004，21(1)：56-58.

　　[2]夏魯惠.高等學校畢業(yè)論文教學情況調研報告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52.

　　[3]Heider，E.R.&D.C.Oliver.Thestructureofcolorspaceinnamingandmemoryoftwolanguages[J].ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch，1999，(3):62–67.

　　2.專著類

　　【格式】[序號]作者.書名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止頁碼. 【舉例】

　　[4]葛家澍，林志軍.現(xiàn)代西方財務會計理論[M].廈門：廈門大學出版社，2001：42.

　　[5]Gill，R.MasteringEnglishLiterature[M].London:Macmillan，1985:42-45.

　　3.報紙類

　　【格式】[序號]作者.篇名[N].報紙名，出版日期(版次). 【舉例】

　　[6]李大倫.經濟全球化的重要性[N].光明日報，1998-12-27(3).

　　[7]French，W.BetweenSilences:AVoicefromChina[N].AtlanticWeekly，198715(33).

　　4.論文集

　　【格式】[序號]作者.篇名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始頁碼. 【舉例】

　　[8]伍蠡甫.西方文論選[C].上海：上海譯文出版社，1979：12-17.

　　[9]Spivak，G.“CantheSubalternSpeak?”[A].InC.Nelson&L.Grossberg(eds.).VictoryinLimbo:Imigism[C].Urbana:UniversityofIllinoisPress，1988，pp.271-313.

　　英文參考文獻篇1

　　[1] Zhixin W, Chuanwen J, Qian A, et al. The key technology of offshore wind farm and its new development in China[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, 13(1):216-222.

　　[2] Shahir H, Pak A. Estimating liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations by numerical approach[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2010, 37(3): 267-279.

　　[3] Hausler EA. Influence of ground improvement on settlement and liquefaction:a study based on field case history evidence and dynamic geotechnicalcentrifuge tests. PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley; 2002.

　　[4] Kemal Hac efendio lu. Stochastic seismic response analysis of offshore wind turbine including fluid‐structure‐soil interaction[J]. Struct. Design Tall Spec. Build.,2010,

　　[5] Arablouei A, Gharabaghi A R M, Ghalandarzadeh A, et al. Effects of seawater–structure–soil interaction on seismic performance of caisson-type quay wall[J]. Computers &Structures, 2011, 89(23): 2439-2459.

　　[6] Zafeirakos A, Gerolymos N. On the seismic response of under-designed caisson foundations[J]. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 2013: 1-36.

　　[7] Snyder B, Kaiser M J. Ecological and economic cost-benefit analysis of offshore wind energy[J]. Renewable Energy, 2009, 34(6): 1567-1578.

　　[8] Ding H, Qi L, Du X. Estimating soil liquefaction in ice-induced vibration of bucket foundation[J]. Journal of cold regions engineering, 2003, 17(2): 60-67.

　　[9] Shooshpasha I, Bagheri M. The effects of surcharge on liquefaction resistance of silty sand[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2012: 1-7.

　　[10] Bhattacharya S, Adhikari S. Experimental validation of soil–structure interaction of offshore wind turbines[J]. Soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, 2011, 31(5): 805-816.

　　[11] H. Bolton Seed, Izzat M. Idriss. Simplified procedure for evaluating soilliquafaction potential. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division. 1971,97(9): 1249-1273

　　[12] W. D. Liam Finn, Geoffrey R.Martin, Kwok W.Lee. An effective stress model for liquefaction. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 1977, 103(6):517-533

　　[13] Seed.H.B.Soil liquefaction and Cyclic Mobility Evolution for Level Ground During Earthquakes, J of the Geotechnical Engineering Division ASCE , 1979,

　　[14] Casagrande.A,Liquefaction and Cyclic Deformation of Sands-A Critical Review,Proceedings of the Fifth Pan American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Buenos Aires,Argentina,1975.

　　英文參考文獻篇2

　　[1] T. Paulay and J. R. Binney. Diagonally Reinforced coupling beams of shear Walls[S].ACI Special Publication 42, Detroit, 1974, 2: 579-598

　　[2] Lam WY, Su R K L, Pam H J. Experimental study of plate-reinforced composite deep coupling beams[J]. Structural Design Tall Special Building, 2009(18): 235-257

　　[3] ACI 318-02: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, ACI318R-02:Commentary, An ACI Standard, reported by ACI Com-mittee318, American Concete Institute, 2002

　　[4] Siu W H, Su R K L. Effects of plastic hinges on partial interaction behaviour of bolted side-plated beams[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2010, 66(5):622-633

　　[5] Xie Q. State of the art of buckling-restrained braces inAsia[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2005, 61(6):727-748

　　[6] Kim J,Chou H. Behavior and design of structures with buckling-restrained braces[J].Structural Engineering, 2004,26(6):693-706

　　[7] Tsai K C, Lai J W. A study of buckling restrained seismic braced frame[J].Structural Engineering, Chinese Society of Structural Engineering, 2002, 17(2):3-32

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