英美議會制度比較研究

畢業(yè)論文

A Comparative Research on the System of Parliament
Between Britain and America
Abstract

The British Parliament was the model of the American parliament for painting. Both two countries act and form parliamentarisms with their own characteristics according to respective historical conditions. The British Parliament is gradually developed by its own several-hundred-year historical tradition, filled with historical characteristics. America has carried British tradition on the colony time, and also based on the Social Contract Theory, the National Sovereignty Theory, the Natural Rights Theory and so on, so it has its own characteristics and establishes the parliamentarism which is more plentiful. In this thesis, according to the retrospection of two parliaments’ developing processes and the analysis of differences between two parliaments and reasons for the differences. It aims at helping us better know the countries with representative system and guard our rights in these countries.

Key Words: Britain; America; parliamentarism; history; relation; differences

摘 要

英國議會為美國議會的范本，而兩國根據(jù)各自的歷史條件又形成了各自獨具的特點。英國議會是由自身幾百年的歷史傳統(tǒng)逐漸發(fā)展而來，其本身充滿著英國的歷史特色。美國則承襲了殖民地時期母國（英國）的議會制傳統(tǒng)，又以資產(chǎn)階級啟蒙思想家社會契約論、國家主權說、天賦人權等為理論指導，創(chuàng)立了更為豐滿且獨具自身特點的議會制度。本文通過對英美兩國議會制度各自的發(fā)展歷程的回顧，對兩者間的不同及其原因進行分析，使人們加深對代議制國家的認識或更好地保障自身在該國的權益。

關鍵詞：英國、美國、議會制度、歷史、聯(lián)系、不同

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