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醫(yī)學(xué)研究論文寫作基本原則
醫(yī)學(xué)論文是醫(yī)者對(duì)臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的一種總結(jié)，它的目的在于清晰的展現(xiàn)醫(yī)學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識(shí)，并非文學(xué)抒情作品，越延綿越好，高效、清晰、簡(jiǎn)潔是醫(yī)學(xué)論文的關(guān)鍵特征，以下是小編搜集整理的醫(yī)學(xué)研究論文寫作基本原則，供大家閱讀參考。
醫(yī)學(xué)研究論文寫作基本原則：
謹(jǐn)慎地使用詞匯，不使用不必要的詞語。
從讀者的角度出發(fā)來寫，不浪費(fèi)讀者任何時(shí)間。
盡量使用短句、陳述句，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的原則是每句話不超過22個(gè)單詞。
“英文句子簡(jiǎn)單而直接，則最清晰、有力、易于理解。”——Mimi Zeiger, Essentials of Writing Biomedical Research Papers, 2d edition。
避免冗雜和重復(fù)
勿在結(jié)果部分的數(shù)據(jù)中逐字重復(fù)以表格或圖形呈現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。
例如：
表1：Patients’ biographical data (age, sex, weight, and BMI) are given.
結(jié)果：這些數(shù)據(jù)(age, sex, weight, and BMI)被再次提及時(shí)，僅僅寫成“Patients’ biographical data are presented in Table 1.”就已經(jīng)足夠了。再例如寫成“The two populations did not differ in these criteria.”也是可以的。
勿在討論部分逐字重復(fù)結(jié)果部分給出的結(jié)果。
例如：
結(jié)果部分：“The median follow-up time from surgery was (33.3±14.0) months in the elderly group and (33.0±12.7) months in the nonelderly group (P=0.266).”
討論部分：相較于這樣寫：“We found that the median follow-up time from surgery was (33.3±14.0) months in the elderly group and (33.0±12.7) months in the nonelderly group (P=0.266).”可以更好地表述為：“We found that mean follow-up time from surgery was nearly identical (about 33 months) in the two study groups.”
勿在討論部分重復(fù)在引言部分中給出的背景信息。
引言部分：“Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, with a five-year survival rate below 5%.”
討論部分：“Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. Its five-year survival rate is below 5%.”討論中應(yīng)該刪除這兩個(gè)重復(fù)的句子。
不必要的詞，例如：
“It is well known that diabetes affects millions of people.”
如果是眾所周知的事情就沒有必要再加以說明。所以，這樣寫就足夠了：“Diabetes affects millions of people”.
“Similar results have been reported previously in the literature.”
“Reported”指的就是過去，所以“reported previously”就是多余的. “In the literature”也是不必要的，因?yàn)檫@也是隱含的意思�？梢愿玫乇硎鰹�: “Similar results have been reported (文獻(xiàn)).”
“It has been reported by others.” “By others”是不必要的。這樣表述就足夠了： “It has been reported (文獻(xiàn))”.
“Upon review of the literature we found that diabetic neuropathy has been described often.” “Upon review or the literature” 是不必要的�？梢愿玫乇硎鰹�: “Diabetic neuropathy has been described often (文獻(xiàn)).”
“When comparing x with y we found that x was bigger than y.
“Comparing x with y”是不必要的。表述為“We found that x was bigger than y”就足夠了.
“There is” 和 “there are” 是較弱的表達(dá)。例如: “There are many investigators who disagree with this opinion.” 可以更好地表述為: “Many investigators disagree with this opinion.”
尺寸、顏色和形狀通常表述是多余的。例如：
“Blue in color.” 使用“Blue” 就足夠了。
“Large in size.” 使用“Large” 就足夠了。
“Oval in shape.” 使用“Oval” 就足夠了。
“The lesion was successfully excised.” 一個(gè)病灶是無法切除失敗的。這樣表述是正確的：“The lesion was excised.”
盡量使用動(dòng)詞而非名詞。“The surgeons made the decision to operate.” 可以更好地表述為: “The surgeons decided to operate.”
避免詳盡地回顧文獻(xiàn)和相關(guān)參考資料。原始的研究論文并非是回顧性的文章。限制文獻(xiàn)的數(shù)目，只引用那些與現(xiàn)在研究相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)。
花時(shí)間檢查你的工作。大聲讀出來，或者最好，擱置幾天或幾周之后再重讀它。你會(huì)驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)了許多不必要的單詞或者句子。
“如果我有更多的時(shí)間，我寧愿寫一封更短的信。”此句一般認(rèn)為出自于溫斯頓•丘吉爾。這句話說明簡(jiǎn)潔的重要性，對(duì)于醫(yī)學(xué)研究論文來說，只有高效的把醫(yī)學(xué)論文知識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)表達(dá)出來才是最關(guān)鍵的。
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