職稱英語等級考試試題參考

時間：2020-10-24 17:17:20 職稱英語我要投稿

職稱英語等級考試試題參考

　　職稱英語等級考試理工類(A級)試題

職稱英語等級考試試題參考

　　第l部分：詞匯選項 (第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)

　　下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

　　1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．A take out B break offC push in D dig up2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．A play B showC send D tell3 This table is strong and durable．A long-lasting B extensiveC far-reaching D eternal4 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA fired B resignedC died D retreated5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror．A smiling B laughingC shouting D staring6 The index is the government’s chief．gauge of future economic activityA measure B opinionC method D decision7 It’s sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first．A workable B reasonableC possible D available8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water．A boiled B pollutedC mixed D sweetened9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your positionA maintain B betterC acquire D support10 She stood there，trembling with fear．A jumping B cryingC moving D shaking11 Medical facilities are being upgraded．A expanded B repairedC improved D transferred12 Rock climbing is hazardousA interesting B dangerousC attractive D useful13 John is eligible for this job．A accepted B recommendedC rejected D recommended14 In order to improve our standard of living，we have to accelerate production．A involve B decreaseC speed up D give up15 Mary looked pale and weary．A worried B uglyC silly D exhausted第2部分：閱讀判斷 (第16~22題，每題1分，共7分)

　　閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷。

　　如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑。

　　Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes(龍卷風)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and intoTrumbull County on Saturday evening．The storms were dramatic and dangerous．George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel(漏斗狀的)cloud was behind him．“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud．It wasabout 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while．It was moving towardBradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared．”Snyder said．Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern 0hio onSaturday．In Trumbull County，a tornado turned trees onto their sides．Some trees fell ontohouses and cars．Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down．Amanda Sym check was having a party when the storm began．“I knew something waswrong, ”he said．“I saw the sky go green and ．Then it sounded like a trainrushing toward the house．I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement forprotection．”

　　The tornado caused a 10t of damage to cars and houses in the area．It will take a long timeand much money to repair everything．There was also serious water damage from thethunderstorms．The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes．The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river．More than four inches of rain fellin parts of Trumbull County．The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses．Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water．This made it difficultfor fire trucks，police Cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble．Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety．Somepeople reported five feet of water in their homes．Local and state officials opened emergencyshelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)．’The Red Cross served meals to them．“This was a really intense storm，”said Snyder．“People were afraid．Mother Nature can befierce．We were lucky this time．No one was killed”

　　16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 George Snyder was a firefighter．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 Amanda Sym check was having a party in the basement when the storm began.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Several people were missing during the storm．A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子 (第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

　　閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1--~4段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；(2)第27,-~30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的`位置上。

　　Earth Angels1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts(煙頭)were litteringher hometown beach in Isle of Palms，South Carolina．When she learned that it takes five yearsfor the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate，she decided to take action．Joying launched a“NoButts on the Beach” campaign．She raised money and awareness about the need to keep thebeaches dean．With the help of others．Joying also bought or received donations of gallon-sizeplastic ice．cream buckets．The buckets were filled with sand。and placed at a11 public-accessareas of the beach．The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting thebeach．Two years later。Joying says the buckets are fun and the beach is nearly free of cigarettedebris(殘片)．2 People who 1ive in or visit Steamboat Springs，Colorado．have Carter Dunham to thank fora new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife．Carter and other students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River．Theplan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High Schoo1.

　　Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife．Carter and his classmates mapped the area andspecies of animals living there．They also made decisions about．a(chǎn)mong other things。wherefences and parking areas should be built．3 Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil．It started as a project for their 4H Club after oneof the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria。Texas．Theydid some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground water--a real danger in ruralareas．where people live off the water on their 1and．The girls researched ways to recycle oil andworked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue．Now．the“Don’t Be Crude”programruns oil．collection sites--tanks that hold up to 460 gallons--where people in the community candispose of their oil．4 Five years ago．11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream：for all thepeople in Africa to have clean drinking water．His dream began in the first grade when he1earned that people were dying because they didn’t have clean water，and that as 1ittle as$70could build a well．“We really take water for granted，”says Ryan，of Kemptville，Ontario，inCanada．“In other countries．you have to plan for it．”Ryan earned the first$70 by doing extrachores(零工)，but with the help of others，he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars．His efforts led to the start of the Ryan’s Well Foundation，which raises money for clean waterand health．related services for people in African countries and developing countries．23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph 4A Provide Clean WaterB Dig 0il WellsC Save Clean WaterD Don’t LitterE Don’t Be CrudeF Protect Wildlife27 Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to28 People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to29 Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to30 Ryan，with the help of others，is fulfilling his dream of help African people to第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應的位置上。

　　第一篇Technology Transfer in GermanyWhen it come

　　s to translating basic research into industrial success．few nations can matchGermany．Since the 1 940s．the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant streamof new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁榮)has faltered(衰退1 over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the globaleconomic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羨慕的)record for turning ideas into profit．Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of researchinstitutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought．a(chǎn)fter technologies．Buttoday the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role intechnology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are beingcomplemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies．Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success．but it is not without its critics．These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of flesh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企業(yè)家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research beingcuriosity．driven，flee and widely available will Suffer．Others claim that many of theprogrammes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the smallbusinesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years．Ⅵmile this debate continues．new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s researchnetworks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is thefourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer．Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe’s largest organisation for appliedtechnology, and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year, itSwallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin．Today,there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia．31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?

　　A Technology transfer．B Good managementC Hard work．D Fierce competition32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?

　　A It is free．B It is profit—driven．C It is widely available．D It is curiosity—driven．33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology inA Asia．B USA．

　　C Europe．D Africa．34 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?

　　A In 1940.

　　B Last year．C After the unification．D In 1949.

　　35 The word “expertise’’ in line 3 could be best replaced byA “experts”．B “scientists”．．C “scholars”．D “special knowledge”．

　　第二篇Superconductor Ceramic(陶瓷)

　　An underground revolution begins this winter．with the flip(輕擊)of a switch，30，000homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricitytransmitted by ice．cold high．performance cables．Other American cities are expected to followDetroit’s example in the years ahead．which could conserve enormous amounts of power．The new electrical cables at the Frisbie power station in Detroit are revolutionary becausethey are made of superconductors．A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity withlittle or no resistance．Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current．Allcommon electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance．They convert atleast some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat．Superconductors don’t·No one understands how superconductivity works．It just does．Making superconductors isn’t easy．A superconductor material has to be cooled to anextremely low temperature to 10se its resistance．The first superconductors，made more than 50years ago，had to be cooled to一263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance．Newersuperconducting materials 10se their resistance at一143 degrees Celsius．The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic materialthat contains copper．oxygen．bismuth(鉍)。strontium(鍶)．a(chǎn)nd calcium(鈣)．A ceramic is ahard．strong compound made from clay or minerals．The superconducting ceramic has beenfashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen．Liquid nitrogen is supercold and lowers the temperature of the ceramic tape to the point where itconveys electricity with zero resistance．The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance．Because cooled superconductors have no resistance．they waste much less power．0ther citiesare watching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cableand conserve power．too．36 What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph?

　　A With a flip of swish．electricity can be transmitted．B Other American cities can benefit from the high·performance cables．C Great amounts of power can be conserved．D Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables37 Compared to common electrical conductors，superconductorsA have little or no electrical resistance．B Can be used for along time．C are not energy-efficient．D can be made easily．38 At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance?

　　A-143 degree Celsius．B一263 degree Celsius．C As long as it is ice-cold．D Absolute zero．39 What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature?

　　A Copper．B Liquid nitrogen．．C Clay．D Calcium．40 According to the last paragraph，which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A Other cities hope they Can also conserve power．B Other cities hope they Can use superconducting cables soon．C Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistance．D The Fribie experiment is not successful．第三篇The Science of the FutureUntil recently，the“science of the future”was supposed to be electronics and artificialintelligence．Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs intechnology will be brought through a combination Of those two sciences with organic chemistryand genetic engineering．This combination is the science of biotechnology．Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的)materials．However,it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and alsotO absorb moisture．Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near thecombination of strength．1ightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects．Nevertheless．scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in“growing”a materialthat has many of the characteristics of human skin．The next step may well be“biotech hearts andeyes”which can replace diseased organs in human beings．These will not be rejected by the body,as is the case with organs from humans．The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising．In 1996the famous science．fiction writer，Arthur C．Clarke，many of whose previous predictions havecome true。said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources oenergy．Some of these power sources will be biological．Clarke and others have warned usrepeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable powersources．Coal，oil and gas are indeed convenient．However，using them also means creatingdangerously high levels of pollution．It will be impossible to meet the growing demand forenergy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(災難性的)levels unless we developpower sources that are both cheaper and cleaner．It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solveour problems．Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power．Only afew generations ago it seemed to promise limitless，cheap and safe energy．Today those promises1ie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl，in the Ukraine．Biotechnology isunlikely．however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way．41 According to the passage，the science of the future is likely to beA electronics．B biotechnology．C genetic engineering．D nuclear technology．42 Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that areA as good as w001.

　　B as good as an insect’s body．C not as good as natural materials．D better than natural materials．43 According to the．passage，it may soon be possibleA to make something as good as human skin．B to produce drugs without side effects．C to transplant human organs．D to make artificial hearts and eyes．44 In 1996. Arthur C．Clarke predicted thatA biological power sources would be put into use soon．B oil，gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future．C dependence on non—renewable power sources would be reduced soonD the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years．45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problems．B Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power．C Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear powerD Biological power will keep all its promises．

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