2012年職稱英語(yǔ)押題
2012年職稱英語(yǔ)押題
Ours has become a society of employees．A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i．e．,worked for somebody else．Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself．And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand，the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education，holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills．Indeed，two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker，that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.
It is implied that fifty years ago _____.
A eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factories
B twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employees
C the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers
D the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was much smaller than that of industrial workers
本題問(wèn)的是文章隱含的意思，要求應(yīng)試者把腦力勞動(dòng)的'雇員和產(chǎn)業(yè)工人人數(shù)進(jìn)行比較。正確答案可以從最后一句找到：腦力勞動(dòng)的雇員人數(shù)增長(zhǎng)的"速度之快使得作為工業(yè)革命最早產(chǎn)物的產(chǎn)業(yè)工人在人數(shù)上與其相形見絀"。所以選項(xiàng)D是正確答案。此題要求讀懂整個(gè)第一段，以便有信心地排除其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。這一段說(shuō)到當(dāng)今美國(guó)社會(huì)中5個(gè)人中只有1人不是雇員，即80%的人事受雇用為他人干活。但問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是50年前的情況。選項(xiàng)A用當(dāng)前的統(tǒng)計(jì)比例回答50年前的狀況，因此是錯(cuò)誤的。選項(xiàng)B也是誤解，文章提到50年前1/5（即20%）的人被雇用，是一個(gè)總體的比例，不能類推出說(shuō)20%的美國(guó)知識(shí)分子是雇員。選項(xiàng)C認(rèn)為勞動(dòng)大軍中腦力勞動(dòng)者和產(chǎn)業(yè)工人的比例一樣高，這顯然沒(méi)有看懂文章的最后一句話，產(chǎn)業(yè)工人是工業(yè)革命的最早產(chǎn)物。
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