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2017GMAT句子功能題解答技巧
備考GMAT的同學(xué)們都知道,GMAT旨在基于語(yǔ)言能力進(jìn)一步考察大家的邏輯思維能力。同樣,咱們閱讀部分也不同于以往大家碰到的四六級(jí)或者托福雅思考試,主要目的是想要測(cè)試大家的思維能力,所以很多題目大家在解的時(shí)候不能浮于表面。
比如,在GMAT閱讀中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)的一種題——句子功能題,這種題目的典型問(wèn)法是:The author mentioned xxx in order to / The function of the highlighted sentence is to…
我們舉個(gè)中文的例子來(lái)看看這個(gè)題本質(zhì)想要考察什么。
文章
長(zhǎng)得帥的人不一定演技差。比如,黃渤就很帥,但演技依舊爆表。
題目
作者為什么在文章中提到黃渤?
A. 為了說(shuō)黃渤帥
B. 為了說(shuō)明黃渤演技棒
C. 為了證明長(zhǎng)得帥的人也可以演技好。
答案: C
通過(guò)這個(gè)中文的例子,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),這個(gè)題目不是在問(wèn)我們選項(xiàng)信息是否與原文相符,而是在考察我們是否能看出作者意圖。A.B選項(xiàng)在信息正確性上都是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的,但是都不能體現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子的作用。因?yàn)辄S渤在文章中出現(xiàn)是作為例子出現(xiàn)的,所以目的肯定是為了去支持之前的觀點(diǎn),而不是去描述例子本身的內(nèi)容。
因此,句子功能題本質(zhì)考察的不是句意,而是句間關(guān)系。
下面,上真題!
文章
More selective than most chemical pesticides in that they ordinarily destroy only unwanted species, biocontrol agents (such as insects, fungi, and viruses) eat, infect, or parasitize targeted plant or animal pests. However, biocontrol agents can negatively affect nontarget species by, for example, competing with them for resources: a biocontrol agent might reduce the benefits conferred by a desirable animal species by consuming a plant on which the animal prefers to lay its eggs. Another example of indirect negative consequences occurred in England when a virus introduced to control rabbits reduced the amount of open ground (because large rabbit populations reduce the ground cover), in turn reducing underground ant nests and triggering the extinction of a blue butterfly that had depended on the nests to shelter its offspring.
題目
In the context of the passage as a whole, the highlighted portion serves primarily to
A. demonstrate that biocontrol agents are no better than chemical pesticides since they, like chemical pesticides, kill nontarget species.
B. prove that biocontrol agents should not be uniformly applied to different environments.
C. illustrate ways that biocontrol agents can affect nontarget species by competing with them for resources.
D. refute the assumption that biocontrol agents perform better than traditional chemical pesticides.
E. provide evidence that biocontrol agents can generate negative impacts on nontarget species.
題目分析思路:
首先,我們根據(jù)加粗句子中“another example… occurred in”可知這個(gè)句子的功能是舉例,目的一定是為了說(shuō)明前文觀點(diǎn),前文這個(gè)例子所對(duì)應(yīng)的觀點(diǎn)句應(yīng)為However, biocontrol agents can negatively affect nontarget species.
選項(xiàng)辨析:
A: 錯(cuò)誤。biocontrol agents are no better than chemical pesticides 表達(dá)的是biocontrol agents跟chemical pesticides半斤八兩。而我們的觀點(diǎn)句意圖不是想拿二者進(jìn)行比較。其次,biocontrol agents產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)該是indirect consequences,而不是選項(xiàng)中所說(shuō)的“ kill nontarget specie”。
B: 錯(cuò)誤。無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng)。例子想支撐的觀點(diǎn)句無(wú)關(guān)different environments.
C: 錯(cuò)誤。這個(gè)選項(xiàng)非常具備迷惑性,是常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要注意到“competing with them for resources”是前一個(gè)例子里的具體內(nèi)容。與咱們的“another example”是獨(dú)立的或者平行的關(guān)系,而不是一個(gè)例子去支持另一個(gè)例子。
D: 錯(cuò)誤。Refute(反駁)與舉例目的相反。
E: 正確。符合我們所找到的例子對(duì)應(yīng)的觀點(diǎn)句。
通過(guò)這個(gè)題我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),只要掌握了舉例功能的“套路”,這種題soooo easy!
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