關(guān)于介賓短語的托福語法講解
導(dǎo)語:介賓短語是小編上學(xué)的時(shí)候覺得容易上手的一塊,但是小編最近發(fā)現(xiàn)很多在托?荚嚨耐瑢W(xué)們?cè)诮橘e短語這一塊很不熟練,下面小編就為大家分享一篇過于托?荚嚨腵介賓短語干貨!
介詞不能單獨(dú)使用,而必須和其他詞連用,這些詞稱作介詞的賓語,它們共同構(gòu)成的介賓短語常在句中作狀語,作名詞的后置定語,有時(shí)作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語
考點(diǎn)一 名詞作介詞賓語
大部分介詞的賓語都是由名詞(包括代詞)充當(dāng)?shù),如:under the tree, during the day, 這一考點(diǎn)在題中多次出現(xiàn)
例題:
(1)
The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for ----with which to regulate them.
(A) more accurate than sundials
(B) more accurate sundials
(C) sundials more accurately
(D) more accurately than sundials
答案:B
解釋:search for缺少賓語, 只有B是表達(dá)無誤的名詞詞組, 可以作賓語;其他選項(xiàng)的比較形式都有錯(cuò)。
(2)
Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.
應(yīng)改為:in length.
解釋:long 是形容詞, 不能單獨(dú)接在介詞之后, 其名詞形式length與in構(gòu)成介賓短語, 表示長度
考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語
名詞作賓語時(shí),之后不能再接賓語,這一缺陷可由動(dòng)名詞彌補(bǔ)。
如:before doing the job , after getting back
改錯(cuò)題中常把應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞作賓語的地方誤用為名詞或不定式,需留心陷阱
例題:
(1)
The Conestoga wagon, used for to carry heavy loads over long distances, originatedaround 1725 in a region of Pennsylvania occupied by the Conestoga Indians.
應(yīng)改為:carrying.
解釋:不定式不能作for的賓語, 改為動(dòng)名詞即可
(2)
Copper sulfate, spread in judicious amounts, kills algae ----harming fish or aquatic invert-ebrates.
(A) does not
(B) but does no
(C) except
(D) without
答案:D
解釋:harming 是動(dòng)名詞形式, 因此要求前面的詞是介詞或可接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞. A B 可首先排除; C 雖是介詞, 但與句意不符.
(3) Mary Ann Hardy was known for her skill to paint miniature watercolor portraits on ivory.
應(yīng)改為:in painting
解釋:后置定語修飾名詞,什么方面的技能,不能用不定式。