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25個(gè)英語(yǔ)名詞的用法

時(shí)間:2023-02-28 00:38:36 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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25個(gè)英語(yǔ)集合名詞的用法

  導(dǎo)語(yǔ):英語(yǔ)中有很多集合名詞,下面YJBYS小編舉例詳解25個(gè)集合名詞的用法,歡迎參考。

25個(gè)英語(yǔ)集合名詞的用法

  1. army的用法

  army是一個(gè)可數(shù)的集合名詞,意思是“陸軍”“大群”“大批”等。注意以下用法:

  (1) 表示軍隊(duì)或陸軍,其前通常用定冠詞;若與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用,則表示一支或幾支軍隊(duì)。如:

  When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我長(zhǎng)大了要參軍。

  It was said that it was a modern army. 據(jù)說(shuō)那是一支現(xiàn)代化的.軍隊(duì)。

  The two armies fought for control of the bridge. 兩軍為占領(lǐng)那座橋而戰(zhàn)。

  (2) army作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  The army was [were] called out to enforce the curfew. 軍隊(duì)被派去強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行宵禁。

  (3) 用于an army of表示“一群……”時(shí),其后通常接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;這類結(jié)構(gòu)若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  An army of bees were flying around. 一大群蜜蜂到處飛著。

  An army of workmen was brought in to build the stadium. 一大批工人被召來(lái)修建運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。

  但是,若用armies of…作主語(yǔ),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  Armies of rescue workers are sorting through the rubble. 救援大軍正在碎石中搜尋。

  2. audience的用法

  (1) audience的意思是“觀眾”“聽眾”,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(視為個(gè)體)。如:

  The audience was made up of very young children. 觀眾都是很小的孩子們。

  The audience were all moved to tears. 聽眾都感動(dòng)得流了淚。

  但有時(shí)用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可以,只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)稍有不同。如:

  The audience was [were] very excited by the show. 觀眾對(duì)演出感到非常興奮。

  (2) 由于audience 是集合名詞,所以an audience 不是指“一個(gè)觀眾”,而是指某一群觀眾、某一個(gè)場(chǎng)次的觀眾、某一方面的觀眾等;同樣地,audiences 也不是指“多個(gè)觀眾”,而是指多群觀眾,多個(gè)場(chǎng)次的觀眾,多個(gè)方面的觀眾等。

  另外,audience作為集合名詞,原則上不能用它表示個(gè)體,但every audience是例外,當(dāng)要強(qiáng)調(diào)每一名觀眾時(shí),可以這樣用。如:

  The pianist made a conquest of every audience for which she played. 這位鋼琴家以她的演奏征服了每一位聽眾。

  (3) 形容聽(觀)眾人數(shù)之多或少,通常用big, large, huge, mass, vast, wide以及small, thin等形容詞修飾,但是不用many, few修飾。如:

  There was a large audience at the concert. 音樂(lè)會(huì)有大批觀眾。

  She has never spoken to such a big audience before. 她以前從未向這么多人講過(guò)話。

  (4) 要具體表示觀眾的.數(shù)量,可參考以下表達(dá)。如:

  The series has attracted an audience of more than 10 million. 這個(gè)系列片吸引了1 000多萬(wàn)觀眾收看。

  There were at least three hundred people in the audience. 觀眾至少有300人。

  不過(guò),偶爾它也可直接受數(shù)字(通常為較大的數(shù)字)的修飾。如:

  Three thousand audience crowded the concert hall. 3 000名聽眾擠滿了音樂(lè)大廳。

  3. club的用法

  club用作集合名詞時(shí)的'意思是“俱樂(lè)部的人”;若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重其個(gè)體)。如:

  The tennis club has [have] organized a dance. 網(wǎng)球俱樂(lè)部組織了一個(gè)舞會(huì)。

  The club has [have] decided to increase subscriptions. 會(huì)所決定增加報(bào)刊訂閱份數(shù)。

  4. committee的用法

  (1) 用作集合名詞,通常指由較大團(tuán)體所委派以處理某事務(wù)的“委員會(huì)”。若視為整體,表單數(shù)意義;若考慮其個(gè)體,則表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:

  The committee was composed of elected leaders and citizens. 委員會(huì)是由當(dāng)選的'領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和市民們組成的。

  The committee are of the opinion that the time is inopportune. 委員們認(rèn)為時(shí)機(jī)不合適。

  另外,若后接定語(yǔ)從句,視為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用who;視為單數(shù)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that或which:

  The committee who were [which was] responsible for this decision would consider it over again. 對(duì)這一決定負(fù)責(zé)的委員會(huì)是會(huì)重新考慮它的。

  (2) 表示是委員會(huì)的成員,通常用(be) on the committee。如:

  What is your role on the committee? 你在委員會(huì)擔(dān)任什么工作?

  The class delegated six students to serve on the committee. 班里選出6名學(xué)生擔(dān)任學(xué)生會(huì)委員。

  5. crew的用法

  (1) 表示飛機(jī)或輪船等的全體工作人員,是集合名詞,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)均可。如:

  The crew is large. 工作人員眾多。

  The plane crashed but the crew are safe. 那架飛機(jī)失事了,但機(jī)組人員都安然無(wú)恙。

  The crew of the wrecked yacht were picked up by helicopter. 失事的游艇上的船員們被直升機(jī)救起了。

  (2) 本身通常不用復(fù)數(shù),除非是表示不同船或不同飛機(jī)等的全體工作人員。如:

  the crews of two ships 兩艘船的.船員

  6. crowd的用法

  (1) crowd的.意思是“人群”“一伙人”“一幫人”,為集合名詞,若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體時(shí))均可。如:

  The crowd was [were] dispersed. 人群被驅(qū)散了。

  The crowd move [moves] on, and no one tries to stop it. 人群向前移動(dòng),誰(shuí)也沒試圖阻止。

  (2) 使用代詞指代時(shí),可以用單數(shù)代詞(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)代詞(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The crowd roared its approval. 群眾高呼贊成。

  The crowd cheered their favorite horse. 眾人為他們喜愛的馬加油。

  7. enemy的用法

  (1) 表示個(gè)體意義的.“仇敵”“敵人”,是可數(shù)名詞。如:

  Don’t make an enemy of him. 不要與他為敵。

  Her father has many enemies. 她爸爸樹敵太多。

  (2) 表示整體意義的“敵軍”“敵人”,是集合名詞(可數(shù)),常與定冠詞連用;若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)。如:

  The enemy was [were] forced to retreat. 敵人被迫撤退。

  (3) 表示“……的大敵(敵人)”“反對(duì)……”,其后可接介詞of或to。如:

  Conceit is the enemy of [to] progress. 驕傲是進(jìn)步的大敵。

  He’s an enemy of [to] reform. 他反對(duì)改革。

  8. family的用法

  (1) 表示“家庭”“家人”,是集合名詞;若視為整體,具有單數(shù)意義,若逐個(gè)考慮其個(gè)體,則具有復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:

  My family is very large [big]. 我家是大家庭。

  My family are all very well. 我家里人都很好。

  側(cè)重指家庭成員的family有時(shí)還可以用all, some之類的詞修飾。如:

  All my family enjoy skiing. 我的.全家人都喜歡滑雪。

  I’m moving to London because I have some family there. 我要搬到倫敦去住,因?yàn)槲业囊恍┘胰俗≡谀莾骸?/p>

  (2) 有時(shí)family本身可有復(fù)數(shù)形式,但它表示的不是家里的多個(gè)人,而是指多個(gè)家庭。如:

  The house was built for five families. 這座房子是蓋成5戶人家住的。

  (3) 有時(shí)本來(lái)是視為整體看待(因?yàn)樗鼈冇米髦髡Z(yǔ)時(shí)后面的動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù)),但相應(yīng)的代詞卻可能用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  That family is so poor, they can’t afford to buy food. 那家人窮得連吃的都買不起。

  That family is too proud to accept money from charity, even though they are very poor. 那家人太要強(qiáng)了,盡管很窮他們也不肯接受慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的錢。

  9. gang的用法

  gang作為集合名詞的意思是“(罪犯有組織的)一幫或一伙”“(鬧事的.青少年,通常指男性)一群或一伙”“(工人有組織的)一隊(duì)或一組”“(經(jīng)常來(lái)往的)一伙人”等;若視為整體,具有單數(shù)意義,若逐個(gè)考慮其個(gè)體,則具有復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:

  The whole gang is here tonight. 今晚伙伴們都在這里。

  The gang have pulled another bank robbery. 那個(gè)團(tuán)伙又犯下一樁銀行搶劫案。

  The gang is [are] being hunted by the police. 警方正在追捕這幫匪徒。

  The gang were [was] planning a robbery of a bank. 這伙歹徒正在計(jì)劃搶劫一家銀行。

  10. generation的用法

  (1) generation的意思是“一代人”;若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  Each generation has its own standards of judgement. 每一代人都有它自己的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

  The new generation was [were] the first to be raised on processed food. 這新的一代是第一批吃加工食品長(zhǎng)大的人。

  (2) 漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)“年輕一代”“年老一代”,看不出有比較意味,但說(shuō)成英語(yǔ)時(shí)卻通常是the younger generation,the older generation。如:

  The older generation have a different set of values. 老一輩人有一套不同的`價(jià)值觀。

  The younger generation smokes less than their parents did. 年輕一代比他們的父輩抽煙抽得少。

  11. government的用法

  government的.意思是“政府”“內(nèi)閣”;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)可以用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  The government plans to close 10 coal mines. 政府打算關(guān)掉10家煤礦。

  The government hopes to better the conditions of the workers. 政府希望改善工作人員的狀況。

  The government have delayed publication of the trade figures. 政府已將貿(mào)易統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字延后公布。

  The Government strongly wish [wishes] the bill passed. 政府強(qiáng)烈希望該議案能被通過(guò)。

  12. group的用法

  (1) group的意思是“群”“團(tuán)體”“組”“類”“(公司聯(lián)營(yíng)的`)集團(tuán)”等,具有集合意義;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)情況可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  The group is made up mostly of local businesspeople. 那個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)大部分是由本地商人組成的。

  The group have split away from the official union. 這一部分人已從正式的聯(lián)盟中分裂出來(lái)了。

  Our discussion group is [are] meeting this week. 我們的討論小組本周開會(huì)。

  (2) 用于a group of時(shí),其后總是接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù);若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體),有時(shí)也用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)。如:

  A group of children are playing under the big tree. 有一群小孩正在那棵大樹下游戲。

  A group of girls was [were] waiting at the school gate. 一群女孩子在校門口等著。

  13. jury的用法

  jury的'意思是“陪審團(tuán)”“(比賽的)評(píng)判委員會(huì)”,為集合名詞;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The jury is [are] considering its verdict. 陪審團(tuán)正在考慮裁決。

  The jury is [are] about to announce the winners. 評(píng)委會(huì)即將宣布優(yōu)勝者。

  14. majority的用法

  (1) the majority表示“大多數(shù)”時(shí),為集合名詞;單獨(dú)用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The majority has [have] seen the film. 多數(shù)人看過(guò)這部電影。

  The majority was [were] in favour of banning smoking. 大多數(shù)人支持禁煙。

  但是若單獨(dú)用的 the majority后跟有復(fù)數(shù)表語(yǔ),則謂語(yǔ)通常要用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  The majority are young people. 大多數(shù)是年輕人。

  (2) 用于“the majority of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”且用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  The majority of our employees are women. 我們的雇員大多數(shù)是女性。

  The majority of men earn their living by manual labour. 大多數(shù)人是以體力勞動(dòng)為生。

  但用于單數(shù)也是可能的(即將主語(yǔ)視為一個(gè)整體)。如:

  The majority of students were [was] indifferent to the political meeting. 大多數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)政治集會(huì)漠不關(guān)心。

  (3) 按傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法,the majority of只用于修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或具有復(fù)數(shù)意義的集合名詞,但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中也可用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞,此時(shí)若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如:

  The majority of my work is done in the office. 我的大部分工作是在辦公室里干的。

  The vast majority of alcohol metabolism occurs in the liver. 酒精的'代射主要在肝臟。

  (3) the majority of習(xí)慣上帶定冠詞,有時(shí)也可用不定冠詞。如:

  A majority of visitors have arrived. 大多數(shù)參觀者已經(jīng)到了。

  A clear majority of voters were in favour of the motion. 絕大多數(shù)選民贊成這一動(dòng)議。

  A [The] majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機(jī)。

  15. management的用法

  (1) management的'意思是“管理層”“管理人員”“資方”,為集合名詞;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The management is not responsible for articles left in customers’ cars. 管理人員對(duì)于留在顧客車內(nèi)的東西概不負(fù)責(zé)。

  The management are looking for ways of improving productivity. 管理部門正在設(shè)法提高生產(chǎn)率。

  The management is [are] having talks with the workers. 資方正在與工人談話。

  有時(shí)其前可以不用冠詞。如:

  Management [The management] is [are] considering closing the factory. 主管部門正在考慮把工廠關(guān)閉。

  (2) 若只是表示“管理”,則表示單數(shù)意義。如:

  Poor management has sunk the project. 管理不善導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目失敗。

  School management is often too detached from the classroom. 學(xué)校管理往往太脫離課堂。

  16. military的用法

  military的意思是“軍隊(duì)”“武裝力量”,通常要連用定冠詞;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù),但有時(shí)也用單數(shù)。如:

  As the police could not keep order in the city, the military were called in to help. 由于警察無(wú)法維持城里的秩序,軍隊(duì)被召去加以協(xié)助。

  The military does not have the weapons it needs to defeat the rebels. 軍方?jīng)]有擊敗叛軍所需的武器。

  17. minority的'用法

  (1) 意為“少數(shù)”“少數(shù)人”,用于a minority且用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù),但有時(shí)也用單數(shù)。如:

  Only a tiny minority hold such extreme views. 只有極少數(shù)的.人持這種極端的觀點(diǎn)。

  Unfortunately, a small minority want to spoil everyone else’s enjoyment. 很遺憾,少數(shù)幾個(gè)人想破壞其他所有人的興致。

  The nation wants peace; only a minority want(s) the war to continue. 全國(guó)人民要和平,只有少數(shù)人希望繼續(xù)打仗。

  (2) 用于a minority of,后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  Only a minority of people support these new laws. 只有少數(shù)人支持這些新法令。

  A minority of children are sexually active before they are in their teens. 少數(shù)孩子在十幾歲前有性行為。

  Only a small minority of students is [are] interested in politics these days. 目前只有極少數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)政治感興趣。

  18. nation的用法

  (1) 表示“國(guó)民”“全國(guó)人民”時(shí),為集合名詞;但用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The nation was at fever pitch in the days leading up to the election. 大選前幾天,全國(guó)處于狂熱的興奮之中。

  The whole [entire] nation was [were] watching the developments of the incident. 全國(guó)人民都在關(guān)注著此事的進(jìn)展。

  (2) 若表示“國(guó)家”,則表示單數(shù)意思。如:

  The nation was reunited and slaves were set free. 國(guó)家重新統(tǒng)一,奴隸獲得了自由。

  The nation is in danger of falling into anarchy. 那個(gè)國(guó)家有進(jìn)入無(wú)政府狀態(tài)的危險(xiǎn)。

  19. personnel的.用法

  (1) 表示“全體人員”時(shí),為總稱名詞,雖為單數(shù)形式,但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  Our personnel are very highly trained. 我們的人員素質(zhì)很高。

  Army personnel are not allowed to leave the base. 軍事人員不準(zhǔn)離開基地。

  (2) 表示“人事部門”時(shí),其用法值得注意——此時(shí)它是不可數(shù)名詞,不連用不定冠詞,也不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但它用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞卻可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  Personnel has [have] lost my tax forms. 人事部門把我的`稅收表格弄丟了。

  Personnel is [are] organizing the training of the new members of staff. 人事部門正在組織新雇員的培訓(xùn)。

  20. population的用法

  (1) 表示某地區(qū)、城市、國(guó)家等的“全體居民”“人口”,或表示聚居于某地區(qū)的“一群或一類的人或動(dòng)物”等,為集合名詞,既可表示單數(shù)意義(視為整體)也可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  Most of the population has [have] fled. 大部分居民都逃走了。

  A tiny fraction of the population never vote [votes]. 很少一部分人從不投票。

  What percent of the population read [reads] books? 識(shí)字的.人占人口總數(shù)的百分之幾?

  Half the world’s population doesn’t [don’t] get enough to eat. 世界有一半人口沒有足夠的食物吃。

  但是,在某些特定語(yǔ)境中,要注意區(qū)分其單數(shù)意義與復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:

  One half of the world’s population are Asians. 世界人口有一半是亞洲人。(由于其后的表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),所以系動(dòng)詞以用復(fù)數(shù)為宜)

  The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。(此句用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ),因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)的概括性比較強(qiáng))

  (2) 如果population本身為復(fù)數(shù),其后的謂語(yǔ)自然要用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  Insect populations fluctuate wildly from year to year. 昆蟲數(shù)量每年變化很大。

  Whole populations of natives were wiped out in order that civilisation might advance. 為了文明得以前進(jìn),整批整批的土著被消滅了。

  (3) 其前不能用數(shù)詞修飾,也不能與many, few之類的詞連用,但在說(shuō)明數(shù)量多少時(shí)可用large, high, small等來(lái)說(shuō)明。如:

  China’s population is by far the largest of any country. 中國(guó)是全世界人口最多的國(guó)家。

  In 1900 the population of London was higher than it is now. 1900年,倫敦的人口比現(xiàn)在多。

  雖然不直接受數(shù)量修飾,但受“per+數(shù)詞”來(lái)修飾。如:

  the number of live births per 1,000 population 每1000人中的活產(chǎn)嬰兒數(shù)目

  (4) 要表示某地?fù)碛卸嗌偃丝,一般?ldquo;have a population of+基數(shù)詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

  Japan has a population of about a hundred million. 日本人口約有1億。

  若要打聽某地的人口數(shù),可用what或how large。如:

  How large [What] is the population of China? 中國(guó)有多少人口?

  21. public的用法

  表示“公眾”,為集合名詞,其前要用定冠詞;用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  Give the public what it wants [they want]. 應(yīng)滿足公眾的要求。

  The public is [are] requested not to walk on the grass. 請(qǐng)大家不要在草地上行走。

  The public has [have] a right to know what is contained in the report. 民眾有權(quán)了解報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。

  比較下面兩句:

  The public is the best judge.=The public are the best judges. 公眾是最好的`判斷者。

  22. staff的用法

  (1) staff表示“全體人員”,是集合名詞,a staff 不是指“一個(gè)人員”,而是指某一個(gè)單位的“全體人員”;two staffs不是指“兩個(gè)人員”,而是指某兩個(gè)單位的“全體人員”。要表示 “一個(gè)職員”“一個(gè)工作人員”,可說(shuō)成a staff member或one of the staff。如:

  On every trip a staff member brings musical instruments. 每一次旅行時(shí),一個(gè)工作人員都會(huì)攜帶樂(lè)器。

  但如果是復(fù)數(shù),則其中的members可以省略。如:

  Staff (members) are conversant with the issues. 職工對(duì)這些問(wèn)題很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

  (2) 用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The school’s teaching staff is [are] excellent. 學(xué)校師資很不錯(cuò)。

  Over half of the staff is female. 半數(shù)以上的'職工是女性。

  Most of our sales staff now work on line. 我們的銷售人員現(xiàn)在大多在線開展業(yè)務(wù)。

  注意,類似下面這樣的句子,staff前面沒有冠詞:

  Staff are expected to start work punctually at 8.30. 工作人員必須在8點(diǎn)半準(zhǔn)時(shí)開始工作。

  Staff are not permitted to make personal phone calls except in an emergency. 除了有急事,員工不允許打私人電話。

  (3) 若語(yǔ)義需要,其前可用some, many, most, all等修飾。如:

  Many hospital staff have to work unsocial hours. 許多醫(yī)務(wù)人員必須在非正常時(shí)間上班。

  All the staff wish you weren’t leaving so soon. 所有的工作人員都希望你不要這么快就離開。

  有時(shí)還可直接用數(shù)詞修飾。如:

  Six more staff got the chop last week. 上個(gè)星期又有6名員工被解雇。

  There are plans to axe 2600 staff. 有計(jì)劃要解雇2600名員工。

  (4) 表示“是……的職員”“在……供職”,其前通常用介詞on。如:

  He’s on the staff of the college. 他在那所大學(xué)供職。

  23. team的用法

  (1) 作為集合名詞,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)情況可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  Which team is the best? 哪個(gè)隊(duì)打得最好?

  The football team are having a rest. 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谛菹ⅰ?/p>

  (2) a team of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示“一組(群,批) ……”。如:

  The exam questions are set by a team of experts. 考試題是由一個(gè)專家組命制的。

  這類結(jié)構(gòu)若用作主語(yǔ),其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  A team of divers was sent down to examine the wreck. 派了一個(gè)潛水隊(duì)去對(duì)沉船進(jìn)行檢查。

  A team of volunteers were putting up posters. 一批志愿者在張貼海報(bào)。

  (3) 表示某人在某個(gè)隊(duì)或是某個(gè)隊(duì)的`隊(duì)員,其前可用介詞on或in。如:

  They are in [on] the same football team. 他們是同一個(gè)足球隊(duì)的(成員)。

  24. troop的用法

  (1) 表示“軍隊(duì)”“部隊(duì)”,習(xí)慣用復(fù)數(shù)形式;若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

  Rebel troops have captured the city. 叛軍奪取了該城。

  Troops were used to put down the rebellion. 動(dòng)用了軍隊(duì)鎮(zhèn)壓叛亂。

  (2) 有時(shí)可代替soldiers表示“士兵”,但它一般不與具體數(shù)字(尤其是較小的'數(shù)字)連用,如“兩個(gè)士兵”一般不能說(shuō)成two troops,可說(shuō)two soldiers。不過(guò)它可以與較大的數(shù)字以及不確定的數(shù)目連用。如:

  many troops 許多士兵

  five hundred troops 500士兵

  thousands of troops 數(shù)千士兵

  (3) 若用于名詞前作定語(yǔ),則用單數(shù)。如:

  The troop withdrawal is scheduled to begin the day after the ceasefire. 部隊(duì)撤離安排在;鸷蟮囊惶扉_始。

  (4) 用于a troop of,后接復(fù)數(shù)名,表示“一群”“大量”“許多”等,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)情況可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

  A troop of guests was moving towards the house. 一群客人向那房子走去。

  A troop of boys were playing at the edge of a pond. 一群孩子正在池邊玩耍。

  25. workforce的用法

  workforce表示“工人總數(shù)”或“職工總數(shù)”,是集合名詞;用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

  The workforce in this area is well-educated and very reliable. 這個(gè)地區(qū)的`勞動(dòng)力教育程度高,而且非常可靠。

  Our workforce are completely dependable. 我們的工作人員的能力完全可靠。

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