高考英語語法基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)及答案

時(shí)間：2024-08-26 07:55:28 基礎(chǔ)英語我要投稿

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　　語法是很多考生在學(xué)習(xí)英語中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，為了讓大家充分地做好高考備考，下面小編為大家?guī)砀呖加⒄Z語法基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)及答案，希望可以對(duì)大家的高考英語備考有所幫助。

高考英語語法基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)及答案

　　高考英語語法基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：

　　1.(20xx·陜西，改編)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the________.

　　答案：other 此處表示“另一只赤著的腳”，指“兩者中另外一只”，用the other。句意：為了暖和自己，那個(gè)海員坐在火堆前，赤著的一只腳在摩擦另外一只。

　　2.(20xx·浙江，12改編)How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

　　答案：it it作形式賓語，指代后面的if從句。

　　3.(20xx·福建，21改編)The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but ________ contained any useful suggestions.

　　答案：neither neither表示“兩者都不”。句意：這個(gè)研究小組根據(jù)調(diào)查做了兩個(gè)報(bào)告，但是沒有一個(gè)含有任何有用的建議。

　　4.(20xx·新課標(biāo)全國，改編)They reached the top successfully, but on ________ way back conditions were very difficult.

　　答案：their/the 句意為：他們成功登頂，但是在返程的路上卻困難重重。名詞前需限定詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此處填形容詞性物主代詞their與主語保持一致。也可填定冠詞the。

　　5.(20xx·課標(biāo)全國，改編)He had a deep voice, which set ________ apart from others in our small town.

　　答案：him 句意為：他的嗓音深沉，這讓他與我們小鎮(zhèn)上其他的人不同。定語從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞set的賓語，應(yīng)填人稱代詞賓格。根據(jù)主句主語he可知填him。

　　6.(20xx·浙江，3改編)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making______the driest year since California became a state in 1850.

　　答案：it 句意為：去年平均降雨量僅18.75厘米，是自1850年加利福尼亞州建州以來最干旱的一年。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處指代上文中的last year。故填it。

　　7.(20xx·課標(biāo)全國改編)When parents bring home a pet, their child gladly bathes ________ and brushes its fur.

　　答案：it 句意為：當(dāng)父母把一個(gè)寵物帶回家時(shí)，他們的孩子高興地給它洗澡并刷毛。根據(jù)句意可知，it指代上文中的a pet。

　　8.(20xx·陜西，21改編)I'd appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

　　答案：it 句意：如果你能提前讓我知道你是否會(huì)來，我將很感激。I'd appreciate it if...“如果……我將不勝感激”，這是appreciate的固定句式，it作形式賓語。

　　9.(20xx·新課標(biāo)，改編)It's an eitheror situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do________.

　　答案：both not...both“并非兩者都”，為部分否定。

　　10.(20xx·山東，21改編)I've lived in New York and Chicago, but don't like ________ of them very much.

　　答案：either 句意：我在紐約和芝加哥住過，但是這兩個(gè)地方我都不是很喜歡。either“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”。

　　11.(20xx·重慶，31改編)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ______.

　　答案：another 句意：循環(huán)利用是保護(hù)環(huán)境的一種方法，再次使用是另一種。another“另一，又一”。

　　12.(20xx·遼寧，29改編)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ______of her colleagues.

　　答案：that 根據(jù)“先贏得了學(xué)生的信任，然后贏得了同事的信任”可知，此處用于替代不可數(shù)名詞trust，應(yīng)用that;如果替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用those或the ones。

　　.(20xx·天津，12改編)At our factory there are a few machines similar to______described in this magazine.

　　答案：those 考查用于比較對(duì)象替代的代詞。比較對(duì)象的替代通�？梢杂胻hat替代不可數(shù)名詞，those替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故此處用those替代比較對(duì)象machines。

　　.(20xx·安徽黃山一模改編)Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of ________ own.

　　答案：their 句意為：文化沖擊是一種大多數(shù)旅游者在外國會(huì)經(jīng)歷的感受，他們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕c自己的文化大不相同。根據(jù)句意可知此處指旅行者自己的文化。of one's own為固定搭配，故填their。

　　xx.(20xx·安徽安慶一中、安師大附中聯(lián)考改編)________ is clear that the little money the invention will bring them can hardly support so large a company.

　　答案：It 句意為：很顯然，這項(xiàng)發(fā)明給他們帶來的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)收入幾乎不足以養(yǎng)活那么大一個(gè)公司。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，放在句尾。it作形式主語，替代真正的主語從句。

　　16.(20xx·北京海淀檢測改編)With doubts running through my mind, I felt ________ necessary to carry out a research.

　　答案：it 句意為：腦海里閃過一些疑慮，我感覺到有必要實(shí)施研究。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用it代替動(dòng)詞不定式作形式賓語。

　　17.(20xx·浙江杭州七校聯(lián)考改編)Nuclear can be really dangerous at times even though ________ is a nice energy in general.

　　答案：it 句意為：核能有時(shí)可能真是很危險(xiǎn)的，盡管它總體上是一種好的能源。根據(jù)句意可知，it在此替代上文提到的nuclear。故填it。

　　18.(20xx·福建廈門二中期中改編)The cultural background of China is totally different from ________ of the U.S.

　　答案：that 句意為：中國的文化背景完全不同于美國的。設(shè)空處代指前面的名詞the cultural background，特指美國的文化背景，故填that。

　　19.(20xx·重慶一中一模改編)Could ________ be in the restaurant where you had dinner with me yesterday that you lost your handbag?

　　答案：it 句意為：有可能是在昨天我們一起吃飯的那家飯店你丟的手提包嗎?分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，把could it be以及that去掉后，結(jié)構(gòu)和句意仍然完整，由此可推斷此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。故填it。

　　20.(20xx·威海市二模)I had to raise my voice to make ______ heard in the noisy crowd.

　　答案：myself 句意為：在嘈雜的人群里，我不得不提高聲音使自己被聽見。make myself heard意為“使我自己被聽到”。

　　二、單句改錯(cuò)

　　1.(20xx·新課標(biāo))We must find ways to protect your environment.

　　答案：your改為our或the 考查代詞。前后代詞要一致，前面的主語是we，所以此處應(yīng)為our或the。

　　2.(20xx·新課標(biāo))Five minutes later, Tony saw parents.

　　答案：saw后加his 此處parents為特指，故在前加his。

　　3.(20xx·浙江)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.

　　答案：them改為it 句意為：離學(xué)校很近的地方有一座美麗的公園，公園周圍有許多樹。所以應(yīng)用it指代前面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞park。

　　4.(20xx·陜西)My soccer coach retired last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.

　　答案：anything改為something 句意為：我想在他的退休晚會(huì)上為他做點(diǎn)特別的事情。此處表示某件事而不是任何事。

　　5.(20xx·浙江)Then everyone in the carriage began searching for the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.

　　答案：his改為its或the 承接上文，此處指票的主人。

　　6.(20xx·遼師大附中期中考試)If I chose to take the next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes.

　　答案：other改為another “數(shù)詞+時(shí)間段”應(yīng)位于another的后面，如果數(shù)詞位于前面，不定代詞應(yīng)用other/more。

　　7.(20xx·寧夏銀川一中月考)I knew that they would be worried about myself because I was so far away.

　　答案：myself改為me be worried about的主語是they，賓語是第一人稱代詞，二者沒有互指關(guān)系，所以作賓語的代詞用賓格me。

　　8.(20xx·西藏拉薩中學(xué)月考)In fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city.

　　答案：it改為that 介詞from的賓語應(yīng)該是同名異物不可數(shù)名詞the weather，而且由后面作定語的in your city可知是特指，故應(yīng)用that替代。

　　9.(20xx·吉林實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)三檢)They think it of special help in expressing them.

　　答案：them改為themselves express的賓語them與其邏輯主語they指的是同一批人，所以作賓語的應(yīng)為反身代詞。

　　10.(20xx·浙江杭州一模)That took years of work to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water.

　　答案：That改為It 句子的真正主語是動(dòng)詞不定式短語to reduce the...，所以句首應(yīng)是形式主語，故用it。

　　三、語法填空

　　(20xx山西省第二次四校聯(lián)考)

　　I was in the ninth year when I began to suffer depression.My parents noticed but felt that since I'd always been __1__ good child, this was temporary.

　　__2__(fortunate), it was not to be so. I didn't have friends. Hardly could I share my problems. Deep worry began to destroy my __3__(confident). Finally I refused to attend classes, shutting__4__ in my room for hours.

　　The examination was approaching, but I simply didn't care. My parents and teachers were surprised at my bad performance. One morning, __5__ a particularly severe lecture from my father, I stood at the school gate, __6__(depress). Then as the other students marched to their classrooms, our headmaster called me. The next fortyfive minutes was one of __7__(precious) moments in my life. She said she __8__(notice) a big change in me and wondered why. At first she took my hands in __9__(she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries. Then she hugged me as I wept. Months of frustration and loneliness disappeared in her motherly hug.

　　No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster, __10__ helped me out simply by listening and hugging.

　　1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　文章大意：本文講述了作者小時(shí)候患抑郁癥后得到了校長的關(guān)愛而走出陰影的故事。

　　1.a 考查冠詞。child是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在文章中出現(xiàn)，故用不定冠詞修飾，表示“一個(gè)”好孩子。

　　2.Unfortunately 考查副詞。不幸的是，情況并非如此。根據(jù)逗號(hào)的提示可知，此處應(yīng)用所給詞的副詞形式，修飾整個(gè)句子，作狀語。再根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用Unfortunately。

　　3.confidence 考查名詞。my是形容詞性物主代詞，修飾名詞，作定語，故用confidence。

　　4.myself 考查代詞。句子主語I和空所填詞為同一人，故用反身代詞。

　　5.after 考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用連詞after，表示“在……之后”。

　　6.depressed 考查形容詞。由句子的主語I和該空前的逗號(hào)可知，應(yīng)用形容詞depressed在句子中作主語補(bǔ)足語。

　　7.the most precious 考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)空格前的“one of”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處用最高級(jí)修飾名詞moments，表示“最珍貴的時(shí)刻之一”，故用the most precious。

　　8.had noticed 考查過去完成時(shí)。notice的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在said之前，表示過去的過去，故用過去完成時(shí)。

　　9.hers 考查代詞。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，且由空格前的“my hands”可知，此處用名詞性物主代詞hers，表示她的手。

　　10.who 考查非限定性定語從句。who引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞the headmaster。

　　四、短文改錯(cuò)

　　(20xx·南昌市調(diào)測)

　　I will share a truely story with you that happened a couple of days ago. One of my classmate bought a bag of snacks from a food store. A few roommates were then invited to enjoy snacks.

　　Luckily, all of them got poisoned and had stomachaches with our faces pale. They are quickly sent to a nearby hospital. Doctors examined them but gave them some medicine. They were out of danger soon before taking the medicine. This accident should make us to realize the seriousness of the food safety problem. I strong suggest that the whole society pay more attention to food safety.

　　答案：

　　I will share a story with you that happened a couple of days ago. One of my bought a bag of snacks from a food store. A few roommates were then invited to enjoy snacks.

　　all of them got poisoned and had stomachaches with faces pale. They quickly sent to a nearby hospital. Doctors examined them gave them some medicine. They were out of danger soon taking the medicine. This accident should make us to realize the seriousness of the food safety problem. I suggest that the whole society pay more attention to food safety.

　　解析：

　　第一處：truely→true 修飾名詞story應(yīng)用形容詞。

　　第二處：classmate→classmates one of后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

　　第三處：enjoy后加the the snacks零食。

　　第四處：Luckily→Unluckily 由句意可知，應(yīng)是“不幸地”。

　　第五處：our→their 代詞指代應(yīng)與前面的them對(duì)應(yīng)。

　　第六處：are→were 由該段整體時(shí)態(tài)可知。

　　第七處：but→and 前后句意應(yīng)為順承關(guān)系。

　　第八處：before→after 吃藥后，他們都脫離了危險(xiǎn)。

　　第九處：去掉to make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事。

　　第十九：strong→strongly 修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞strongly。

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