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動(dòng)詞不定式的形式初中英語語法資料

時(shí)間:2020-07-16 09:43:52 基礎(chǔ)英語 我要投稿

動(dòng)詞不定式的形式初中英語語法資料

  1.作主語。 如:

動(dòng)詞不定式的形式初中英語語法資料

  To learn English is very important.

  但實(shí)際上不定式作主語常用 it來作形式主語,而將不定式移至謂語動(dòng)詞后作真正的主語。

  如上句可表達(dá)為:

  It's very important to learn English.

  2.作表語。 如:

  My idea is to ring him up at once.

  3.作賓語。 如:

  I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.

  4.作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等動(dòng)詞后面接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.

  b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

  如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.

  c. let, make, have這些使役動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中這些不帶to的都須帶上to。

  如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.

  d.動(dòng)詞help接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,可帶to也可不帶to。

  如: Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?

  5.作定語。

  a.與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面的'介詞千萬不要省略。

  如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.

  b.與被修飾詞有主謂關(guān)系。

  如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.

  c.與被修飾之間只有修飾關(guān)系。

  如: I have no time to play cards.

  6.作狀語,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、結(jié)果等。

  如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.

  7.不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)"for sb. to do sth" 作主語時(shí),常用"It is +adj+ for

  of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容詞good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,

  right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."

  其他形容詞用 for。

  如:

  It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.

  It's very kind of you to help me.

  8.動(dòng)詞不定式與疑問句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等連用。

  如: I don't know when to start.

  He didn't tell me where to go.

  但上面結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從句,故上述句子也可表達(dá)為:

  I don't know when we'll start.

  He didn't tell me where he would go.

  注意:

  a.有些動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語不能帶不定式,只能接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。

  如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(錯(cuò)過),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。

  如: The peasants are busy picking apples.

  Would you mind my opening the door?

  b.有些動(dòng)詞后可接不定式,也可接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,但意思不同。

  如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(該寄但還沒做)

  Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已經(jīng)寄過信了)

  They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)

  They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)

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