GMAT作文模板使用方法
雖然考生們都很知道很多GMAT考試的作文模板，但是很多時(shí)候考生們并不知道該怎么去用，今天，小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)說(shuō)作文模板的使用方法吧!
一、普通開(kāi)頭
1. 第一句：背景知識(shí)——(詞匯句型和題目不一樣), 內(nèi)容上可以和題目一樣的
2. 第二句：result
Ie：如果同意，那么就說(shuō)執(zhí)行這東西的好處(或沒(méi)有這東西的壞處);如果不同意，就反之。
要求：表述要能體現(xiàn)直接的方向性
目的：讓讀者讀了以后能夠琢磨出“我的觀點(diǎn)的大致方向”
3. 第三句：我的觀點(diǎn)。(以下例子對(duì)的詞匯不建議用，思維可以：詞匯過(guò)于stiff和模板化)
這段話(huà)的關(guān)系是：
我先說(shuō)一下我們要討論的issue是什么，然后，我給你一個(gè)result，讓讀者產(chǎn)生一個(gè)具有方向性的預(yù)期，最后我的觀點(diǎn)和讀者的預(yù)期是相match 的，會(huì)讓讀者高興，且又闡明了自己的觀點(diǎn)(注意：“不同意Speaker所說(shuō)”是一個(gè)反面的觀點(diǎn)，具有方向性，不是中立!)——就是這個(gè)感覺(jué)。
Eg1：范文——
題目：
"Clearly, government has a responsibility to support the arts. However, if that support is going to produce anything of value, government must place no restrictions on the art that is produced. "
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion expressed above?
開(kāi)頭：
The speaker argues that government must support the arts but at the same time impose no control over what art is produced. The implicit rationale for government intervention in the arts is that, without it, cultural decline and erosion of our social fabric will result. However, I find no empirical evidence to support this argument, which in any event is unconvincing in light of more persuasive arguments that government should play no part in either supporting or restricting the arts.
Eg2：學(xué)生練習(xí)
"There is only one definition of success-to be able to spend your life in your own way. "
我的開(kāi)頭：
By success it merely notes that you can live your life whatever as you want and you choose. This life style may help a person realize find the thing of the highest good to him/her and thus lend him/her ultimate satisfaction at all. Therefore, I vitally support this kind definition of success.
二、以故事開(kāi)頭
[NOTE]：故事最忌諱：晦澀、難懂、中立。
1.講一個(gè)story：要求——
1)三句以?xún)?nèi)寫(xiě)完。
2)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件盡量說(shuō)實(shí)、說(shuō)全、說(shuō)細(xì)，讓讀者感覺(jué)不像是編的。
3)句式要求：詞匯和句子一定得好，否則不抓人。因?yàn)槟慵热荒芤灾v故事的方式開(kāi)頭，說(shuō)明你對(duì)自己的寫(xiě)作水平足夠自信(這是readers的預(yù)期)，如果一來(lái)全是簡(jiǎn)單句，給人真實(shí)感覺(jué)卻你的寫(xiě)作水平太差，與讀者之前的預(yù)期dismatch了!所以不好。
因此：可以是很長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句、套了從句的'均可。
4)內(nèi)容上：
A)如果水平較低(ie：不能讓人通過(guò)讀完整個(gè)故事就立刻看到明確的方向)：就一來(lái)首先扣題(如：bill gates是一個(gè)成功的IT精英，他用其獨(dú)特的觀看奧運(yùn)會(huì)的方式向世人展示了其成功和與眾不同——開(kāi)篇就告訴了這個(gè)eg的方向：且點(diǎn)出了“成功”與“自己的生活方式”的關(guān)系，這里沒(méi)有留下gap。)
B)第二句開(kāi)始：elaboration這個(gè)故事——越生動(dòng)、形象、具體越好(體現(xiàn)在一些名詞實(shí)詞，比如列舉等)。
Eg：學(xué)生練習(xí)
"There is only one definition of success-to be able to spend your life in your own way. "
范文思路：
Bill gates是一個(gè)成功的IT精英，他用其獨(dú)特的觀看奧運(yùn)會(huì)的方式向世人展示了其成功和與眾不同。他在奧運(yùn)村旁邊租了一個(gè)空中四合院，然后和妻子一起，看到了開(kāi)幕式上五星紅旗的升起、奧運(yùn)火炬的傳遞、跳水健兒奪冠、拳擊冠軍帶傷上場(chǎng)、奧運(yùn)圣火的熄滅……
5)目的：通過(guò)這個(gè)故事讓讀者琢磨出這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的大致方向來(lái)——
所以，一定要通過(guò)一些indicator體現(xiàn)“這個(gè)方向”：比如一些有感**彩的indicator(因?yàn)镮BT沒(méi)有假設(shè)readers是白癡，所以不要將GMAT的“絕對(duì)客觀”用過(guò)來(lái)，一些能反映“好壞正負(fù)”的描述或adj都是readers能體會(huì)的，但前提是我必須寫(xiě)出來(lái)!不可以只列出現(xiàn)象!)
2. answer the question：同意還是不同意。
這句話(huà)的作用：match讀者讀了故事之后的預(yù)期，同時(shí)回答了問(wèn)題——闡明了“我”的觀點(diǎn)!
Eg1:
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,’ says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.
分析：
第一句話(huà)：交代了事情的梗概
后面讀完：elaboration清楚，能讓我讀出來(lái)觀點(diǎn)的方向很明確。所以第一句沒(méi)有用“扣題”的方式!
所以，“是否扣題”依自己的水平能力定!
Eg2：完整演示
"There is only one definition of success-to be able to spend your life in your own way. "
范文思路：
Bill gates是一個(gè)成功的IT精英，他用其獨(dú)特的觀看奧運(yùn)會(huì)的方式向世人展示了其成功和與眾不同。他在奧運(yùn)村旁邊租了一個(gè)空中四合院，然后和妻子一起，看到了開(kāi)幕式上五星紅旗的升起、奧運(yùn)火炬的傳遞、跳水健兒奪冠、拳擊冠軍帶傷上場(chǎng)、奧運(yùn)圣火的熄滅……
(注意)：說(shuō)到這里，只是把故事講完了，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該回答兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：
1)是成功的定義;
2)是成功的唯一定義(否則“only”如果沒(méi)有回應(yīng)我的答案可能受到攻擊)
最后兩句：
也許對(duì)于其他人而言，成功的體現(xiàn)還有不同的considerations，比如：金錢(qián)、社會(huì)地位、etc
但是對(duì)于我而言，這些都不及“按照自己的生活方式生活”重要，進(jìn)而他們都不足以定義成功，所以，我支持“這是成功的唯一的定義方式”。
Eg2：學(xué)生練習(xí)
"What education fails to teach us is to see the human community as one. Rather than focus on the unique differences that separate one nation from another, education should focus on the similarities among all people and places on Earth."
三、第三種是第二種的一種變式
1. 疑問(wèn)句或反問(wèn)句(推薦后者，語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)。比如：Doesn’t it…?)
2 講故事
3 觀點(diǎn)
注意：
2和3都一樣，加上1，目的是：讓讀者感覺(jué)到你的調(diào)皮、淘氣與可愛(ài)，讓文章不至于那么死板，特別是對(duì)于已經(jīng)比較boring的raters，這是一種從感情上拿分的方式!
Eg：請(qǐng)自己通過(guò)下面這段話(huà)找出issue是什么
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
Issue：石油漲價(jià)是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退?
可見(jiàn)，這段話(huà)是方向清楚的。
Eg：學(xué)生練習(xí)——請(qǐng)分別用三種開(kāi)頭方式寫(xiě)一遍
"A powerful business leader has far more opportunity to influence the course of a community or a nation than does any government official. " Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above
(我的)：
第一種：很好
The author argues that a leader of great ability can affect the operation of a society or a country more widely and deeply. Suppose that in a society filled with this conception, the public will ignore the function and effect of government, then gov’s work will lose support and even be intervered , thus losing proper control of some bad things: free ride, speculation, etc, which cannot be malpulated by business org. Thus, I hold that it is equally important…
第二種：
J, a powerful leader of corp K——the chief client of the estate company P, had less effect on the control of P’s vicious violation of ethic rules: heavy speculation than the intervene of gov. In 1990, the boom of P, P took advantage of this prime period to induce miracle amount of foreign money to the US and at the same time it charged vitally higher price of its 3rd office building near the Los Angeles airport, thus spiring the anger of public. Facing this situation, k stopped its relationship with P to punish P, but this won’t have a mearable change on P’s action, while gov improved the tax on their every office building to be sold largely——ultimately, P has to put its price down to the average leve. Therefore, in my opion, gov has a more far-reaching impact on the operation of a community or a nation.
存在的問(wèn)題：
1)第一句：沒(méi)有說(shuō)政府的影響多的后果是什么，就只能讓讀者讀出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，但是讀不出方向。
我應(yīng)該在我的文字中明確給出方向是什么。Ie：
如果我支持“gov作用更重要”：就說(shuō)“政府影響更大則有什么好處”或“企業(yè)影響更大有什么壞處”;
如果我支持“企業(yè)應(yīng)該作用更大”：就反之。
而我目前的表述：只有“政府影響更大”，沒(méi)有“后果如何”，就是事實(shí)出來(lái)了，觀點(diǎn)沒(méi)有，所以不行!
【修改后】：第一句——
Gov has larger effect on the control of the bad speculation of corp J, an estate company, than J’s chief client K, an medical corp, thus preventing the flowing of work force and further decline of stock price of J.[LC1]
2)中間的elaboration太長(zhǎng)太繞：讓人讀的煩、容易讀不懂，必須改得短且精煉一些。
第三種：
Doesn’t a powerful leader can really affect a course of a nation more widely than the government?
說(shuō)明：
以上3種屬于高分的寫(xiě)法，但不是只局限于這3個(gè)，有自己認(rèn)為好的也可以。
在進(jìn)入II之前，有一點(diǎn)說(shuō)一下：關(guān)于“核心概念”和“概念間關(guān)系”的界定——
(1) 原理：要對(duì)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)發(fā)表我的評(píng)論(同意或不同意)，前提是知道這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是什么。而界定的目的就是“搞清楚題目什么”的過(guò)程!
(2)怎么處理：基于1)——
1) 如果題目本身很具體了(注意：具體≠簡(jiǎn)單，只是說(shuō)概念的含義精確了不會(huì)ambiguous了)：就不需要這步，因?yàn)闆](méi)有必要，加上去是畫(huà)蛇添足，違背了“every word tells”。
比如：
A)"Clearly, government has a responsibility to support the arts. However, if that support is going to produce anything of value, government must place no restrictions on the art that is produced. "
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion expressed above?
B)是否同意“當(dāng)今社會(huì)在網(wǎng)上找工作更好”
以上兩個(gè)就是很具象化的，不需要界定。
2) 題目中存在一些抽象詞、且關(guān)系不清楚，就需要先界定：在我看來(lái)，**是什么意思。
比如：
A)"What education fails to teach us is to see the human community as one. Rather than focus on the unique differences that separate one nation from another, education should focus on the similarities among all people and places on Earth."
分析：對(duì)“共性”和“個(gè)性”應(yīng)該界定一下
B)"There is only one definition of success-to be able to spend your life in your own way. "
分析：對(duì)“成功”界定一下。
Q：怎么界定“成功”?因?yàn)檫@題中已經(jīng)在問(wèn)“def”了啊?
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