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2017翻譯資格考試初級(jí)筆譯備考練習(xí)及答案
I. Vocabulary and Structure (1 point each, 35 points in all)
1. English people often take umbrellas with them when they go out because they don't want to be in a rain.
A. seized B. got C. captured D. caught
2. Whenever Tom knew I was in trouble, he always lends me a hand.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
3. There is an arrow on the wall _ the direction of advance.
A. pointing B. identifying
C. marking D. indicating
4. The spaceman found to look at the earth away from it
A. a most exciting experience B. it a most exciting experience
C.that a most exciting experience D.the experience most
5. As people live longer, they to change their ideas about life
A. like B.tend C.wish D.long
6. any instructiorts from the Head Office, we couldn't make any decision.
A. Not receiving B.Receiving no C.Not having recived D.Having not received
7. The design was so that you could not find any fault in it.
A. delicate B. elaborate C. fancy D. complicated
8. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A. light travels B. travels light
C. do light travel D. does light travel
9. She longed to visit Italy, _ she often dreamt about it.
A. so seriously that B. so eagerly that
C. to such an extent that D. so anxiously that
10. Even if he _ here, he would not be able to help us.
A. is B. had been C. has been D. were
11. The classroom is quite clean _ some waste paper on the floor. :
A. except for B. except C. besides D. without
12. He is the only one of those boys who _ willing to take a make-up exam
A. is B. were C. has been D. was
13. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not a native speaker
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
14. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _ harm them.
A. rather than B. other than
C. more than D. better than
15. Everyone is working harder, and living a happier life now, _ ?
A. isn't one B. aren't we
C. isn't it D. aren't they
16. Sorry, I didn't know _ Dr. Smith has already returned from his holiday. I'II go and see him in a minute
A. that B. when C. whether D. if
17. There's little chance that mankind would a nuclear war.
A. retain B. endure C. maintain D. survive
18. It was a soldier who happened to be there saved the girl from the danger
A. where B. how C. that D. when
19. The dictionary she bought is that I have.
A. twice as much as B. as twice much as
C. twice more than D. twice than
20. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _ .
A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal
21. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word
A. mustn't leave B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left D. needn' t leave
22. If you your name and address on the card, we'll send the book to you as soon as it is retumed.
A. go over B. fill in
C. find out D.carry out
23. Would you like more coffee? I'm sure you would .
A. much B. few C. any D.a lot
24. These are common materials we are all familiar.
A. about which B. of which
C. with which D. to which
25. of danger, he jumped into the river all at once.
A. Because B. In terms C. Instead D. carry out
26. When I leave the research institute next week, I there for 18 years.
A. shall be working B. will work
C. shall have worked D. have worked
27. The number of children from l to 15 in different families.
A. varies B. seems C. changes D. turns
28. In ancient time's people used to build their houses with materials .
A. convenient B. important C. available D. natural
29. She agreed without the slightest .
A. hesitation B. thinking C. look D. hope
30. Is there any they'll ever find a cure for the common cold?
A. prospective B. prospect C. prosperity D. prosperous
31. Some people are color-blinded and cannot between blue and green.
A. distinguish B. differ C. separate D. divide
32. knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the radio station.
A.One B.Who C. Anyone D. Whoever
33. All the countries are customers or customers of the United States.
A. potential B.pretended C.preventive D.pretective
34. The safety rules are__ anyone.
A. applied on B. applied in C. applied for D. applied to
35. We got to the station only _ that the train had just left.
A. learned B. to learn C. learning D. having learned
【參考答案見下頁(yè)】
I. Vocabulary and Structure
1.【翻譯】 英國(guó)人外出時(shí)經(jīng)常帶把雨傘因?yàn)樗麄儾幌肓苡?
【解析】 D英語(yǔ)中,淋雨用catch的被動(dòng)形式表達(dá).
2.【翻譯】 只要湯姆知道我遇到麻煩,他總會(huì)幫我一把.
【解析】 B本題中would表示過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.
3.【翻譯】 墻上有只箭,表示前進(jìn)的方向.
【解析】 D point意為"指向";identify意為"辨認(rèn)";mark意為"標(biāo)示";indicate意為"表示".
4.【翻譯】 宇航員發(fā)現(xiàn)從遠(yuǎn)處觀看地球令人激動(dòng)不已.
【解析】 B 本題考核形式賓語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用.句子中it是形式賓語(yǔ),a most exciting experience為名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).
5.【翻譯】 隨著人們年齡的增長(zhǎng),他們對(duì)人生的看法漸漸改變.
【解析】 B 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均可用作動(dòng)詞,其中l(wèi)ike意為"喜歡";tend意為"趨向:wish意為"希望";long意為"渴望".
6-【翻譯】 沒有接到總部的指示,我們做不了決定.
【解析】C本題考查分詞的時(shí)態(tài)與分詞的否定式.根據(jù)題意判斷,分詞的動(dòng)作(接到指示)發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作(做決定)之前,因此用分詞的完成式.分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成為not+分詞.該句可理解為:Because we had not received any instructions from the Head Office, we couldn't make any decision.
7.【翻譯】 這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)如此精心以至于你找不到任何差錯(cuò).
【解析】 B本題考核近義形容詞的區(qū)別.delicate意為"精美的,精致的";elaborate意為"精心制作的";fancy意為"別致的,花哨的";complicated意為"復(fù)雜的".
8.【翻譯】 光傳播如此地快以至于我們難以想象它的速度.
【解析】 D本句中So在句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用倒裝形式.
9.【翻譯】 她做夢(mèng)都渴望游覽意大利.
【解析】 C so…that與such…that的意思和句法作用相同,但是因?yàn)閟o(adv.)和such(adj.)的詞類不同,所以so...that和such...that的句子結(jié)構(gòu)也不同.試比較:so+ adj. /adv.+that clause(so后跟形容詞或副詞);such( a/an)+n.+that clause(8uch后跟名詞).
10.【翻譯】 即使他在這兒,他也不能夠幫助我們.
【解析】 D虛擬現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),其條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be -般用were),主句用would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形.
11.【翻譯】 教室很干凈,只是地板上有幾片碎紙屑.
【解析】 A本題考核近義詞的用法區(qū)別.except for的賓語(yǔ)與前述對(duì)象完全是兩回事;except:指同一類事物的總體中除去一部分;besides:強(qiáng)調(diào)"除此之外,還包括";without:"沒有".
12.【翻譯】 他是愿意參加補(bǔ)考的唯一男生.
【解析】 A本題考核主謂一致的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而定語(yǔ)從句的先
行詞是單數(shù)概念,所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)單數(shù)形式.
13.【翻譯】 他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)確實(shí)很好,當(dāng)然沒有以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)者說(shuō)得流利.
【解析】 C本題考核修飾部分的語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用.后半句可看作是句子的狀語(yǔ)成分,用副詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.同時(shí)注意not as( so) ...as的應(yīng)用.
14.【翻譯】 發(fā)展核科學(xué)應(yīng)該為人們帶來(lái)益處而不是帶來(lái)危害.
【解析】 A rather than意為"而不是";other than意為"除了,不同于";more than意為"多于";better than意為"好于".
15.【翻譯】 現(xiàn)在每人都在努力工作,過(guò)著幸福生活,是嗎?
【解析】 D 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,nobody等 表示人的不定代詞時(shí),反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)在日常英語(yǔ)中通常用they.如:Everyone has been to Shanghai,haven't they?如果陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everything,anything,nothing 等表示物的不定代詞時(shí),附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)常用it,不用they.如:Everything is getting along quite well, isn't it?
16.【翻譯】 對(duì)不起,我不知道Dr. Smith已經(jīng)度假回來(lái).我馬上去看他.
【解析】 A本題考核賓語(yǔ)從句的掌握情況.I didn't know是主句部分,Dr. Smith has already returned from his holiday是賓語(yǔ)從句,其連接詞為that.
17.【翻譯】 人類不可能在核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中生存.
【解析】 D retain意為"保持,保留";endure意為"忍受";maintain意為"維持,維修";survive意為"生存".
18.【翻譯】 是一位恰巧路過(guò)的戰(zhàn)士在危險(xiǎn)中挽救了那位姑娘.
【解析】 C本句須用強(qiáng)調(diào)句,其句子結(jié)構(gòu)是"It is/was - - - that".
19.【翻譯】 她買的詞典是我買的詞典的價(jià)格的兩倍.
【解析】 A在倍數(shù)的表達(dá)中,兩倍用twice或two times,三倍以上用基數(shù)詞加times,twice as much as意為"是……的兩倍".
20.【翻譯】 當(dāng)我給他測(cè)體溫時(shí),高于正常兩度.
【解析】 D average意為"平均";ordinary意為"普通";regular意為"規(guī)則";normal 意為"正常".
21.【翻譯】 我真的為你著急.你不該不說(shuō)一聲就離家.
【解析】 B"should have+ -ed分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表示"應(yīng)該已經(jīng)……","本來(lái)應(yīng)該……",即過(guò)去該做某事但實(shí)際沒有做,其否定式"shouldn't have+ -ed分詞"意為"本來(lái)不應(yīng)該……",即過(guò)去不應(yīng)該做某事實(shí)際卻做了.
22.【翻譯】 如果你在卡片上填入你的姓名,地址,只要書歸還我們就將其寄給你.
【解析】 B go over意為"復(fù)習(xí),回顧";fill in意為"填入";find out意為"找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)";carry out意為"執(zhí)行".
23.【翻譯】 再喝些咖啡嗎?我想你需要.
【解析】 C句中more意為"再來(lái)些",其修飾語(yǔ)應(yīng)為some或any.
24.【翻譯】 這些是我們都熟悉的普通材料.
【解析】 C 本題考核定語(yǔ)從句介詞前置的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象.短語(yǔ)be familiar with的介詞with放在關(guān)系代詞which前面.
25.【翻譯】 他不顧危險(xiǎn),毅然跳入河中.
【解析】 D根據(jù)題意,跳人河中是危險(xiǎn)的行為,because表示原因;in terms of意為"按照";instead of意為"代替,而不是";regardless of意為"不顧".
26.【翻譯】 到下周我離開研究所時(shí),我將已在那里工作18年.
【解析】 C將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一個(gè)時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作.它常與表將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.
27.【翻譯】 不同家庭中孩子的數(shù)量不同,在l到15個(gè)之間.
【解析】 A本題考核近義動(dòng)詞辨析.vary意為"呈現(xiàn)不同,變化";seem意為"看起來(lái)像";change意為"變化,改變";turn意為"轉(zhuǎn)變".
28.【翻譯】 古代人們用手頭的材料蓋房子.
【解析】 C convenient意為"方便的";important意為"重要的";available意為"可得到的";natural意為"自然的".
29.【翻譯】 她毫不猶豫地同意了.
【解析】 A hesitation意為"猶豫";thinking意為"思想,思維";look意為"長(zhǎng)相,相貌";hope意為"希望". :
30.【翻譯】 他們有找到治愈普通感冒的可能性嗎?
【解析】 B prospective為形容詞,意為"可能的,未來(lái)的";prospect為名詞,意為"前景,可能性";prosperity為名詞,意為"繁榮,興旺";prosperous為形容詞,意為"繁榮的,興旺的".
31.【翻譯】 有些人是色盲,分辨不出藍(lán)色和綠色.
【解析】 A本題考核近義動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別.distinguish意為"分辨出";differ意為"不同,差異";separate意為"使分開";divide意為"分割,劃分".
32.【翻譯】 無(wú)論誰(shuí)知道這首歌的名字就能從電臺(tái)得到一份獎(jiǎng)品. j
【解析】 D who與whoever的區(qū)別在于意思不一樣.who指誰(shuí),是特殊疑問(wèn)詞,用于疑問(wèn)句;whoever是"無(wú)論誰(shuí)",引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,有時(shí)也引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句.
33.【翻譯】 所有的國(guó)家均是美國(guó)的客戶或潛在客戶.
【解析】 A potential意為"潛在的";pretended意為"裝扮的,假裝的";preventive意為"預(yù)防的,防止的";protective意為"保護(hù)的".
34.【翻譯】 安全規(guī)定適用于每個(gè)人.
【解析】 D apply to意為"適用于";apply for意為"申請(qǐng)".
35.【翻譯】 我們到達(dá)車站結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車剛剛開走.
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