考研英語(yǔ)核心語(yǔ)法總結(jié)
考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)要注意總結(jié)，核心語(yǔ)法是關(guān)鍵，下面整理了一些考研英語(yǔ)的核心語(yǔ)法，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助！
一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(V+ing, V+ed)
1、動(dòng)名詞
�。�1）作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)
[例句] Saying is easier than doing.
[譯文] 說(shuō)比做容易。
�。�2）作介詞賓語(yǔ)
[例句] We get pleasure from loving and being loved.
[譯文] 我們從愛(ài)別人和被別人愛(ài)中得到快樂(lè)。
2、分詞作定語(yǔ)
�。�1）前置
[例句] The beginning student should be given more encouragement.
[譯文] 初學(xué)者應(yīng)多給予鼓勵(lì)。
[例句] A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body.
[譯文] 均衡的食物使你的身體獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)。
（2）后置
[例句] Those living on a mountain live off the mountain.
[譯文] 靠山吃山。
[例句] Children disciplined when they are young will become good citizen.
[譯文] 小時(shí)候受過(guò)良好教育的兒童長(zhǎng)大會(huì)成為好公民。
3、分詞作狀語(yǔ)
[例句] Hearing the news, they immediately set offfor Shanghai.
[譯文] 聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他們立即出發(fā)到上海去了。
[例句] Seen from the pagoda, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.
[譯文] 從這個(gè)塔上遠(yuǎn)眺，紫金山南麓是樹(shù)的海洋。
[例句] Printed white, the house looks bigger.
[譯文] 漆成白色后，這房子像是更大了。
[例句] Having written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.
[譯文] 寫(xiě)完一封重要的信之后，我聽(tīng)了一會(huì)兒音樂(lè)。
4、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
[例句] Mary coming back, they discussed it together.
[例句] When mary came back, they discussed it together.
[譯文] 瑪麗回來(lái)后，他們一起討論了那件事。
[例句] Health and persistence given, one can dogreat things.
[例句] If health and persistence are given, one can dogreat things.
[譯文] 有健康的身體和頑強(qiáng)的'毅力的話(huà)，一個(gè)人才能做出偉大的事情。
[例句] The moon having risen, they took a walk inthe fields.
[例句] When the moon had risen, they took a walk inthe fields.
[譯文] 月亮升起后，他們?cè)谔镆袄锷⒉健?/p>
[例句] So much time having been spent, the work isonly half done.
[例句] Though so much time has been spent, the work isonly half done.
[譯文] 雖然花了這么多時(shí)間，這項(xiàng)工作才做了一半。
二、定語(yǔ)從句
同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
[例句] He has one sister who is working in the city.
[例句] He has one sister, who is working in the city.
[例句] The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.
[譯文] 他提出的建議將在會(huì)上討論。
[例句] The proposal that we should import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed atthe meeting.
[譯文] 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從國(guó)外進(jìn)口更多設(shè)備這個(gè)建議將在會(huì)上討論。
[例句] Part of the fame of Allen’s book is itscontention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”
[譯文] 愛(ài)倫的書(shū)之所以出名，部分原因是因?yàn)樗q論的觀點(diǎn)，即： “環(huán)境并未造就人，而是揭示了人的本性。
三、名詞性從句
[例句] He ate what he paid for.
[例句] He ate the food that he paid for.
[譯文] 他吃他買(mǎi)的東西。
[例句] The question is how we can get the loan.
[譯文] 問(wèn)題是如何獲得貸款。
[例句] He told them who he was and what he haddone in the past.
[例句] In general, the tests work mosteffectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined andleast effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined.
[譯文] 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)所需測(cè)定的性質(zhì)能夠精確定義時(shí)，測(cè)試最為有效；而當(dāng)所需測(cè)定或預(yù)測(cè)的對(duì)象不能明確定義時(shí)，測(cè)試效果最差。
[例句] The Greeks assumed that the structure oflanguage had some connection with the process of thought, which took root inEurope long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
[譯文] 希臘人認(rèn)為本語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)與思維過(guò)程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系，這種觀點(diǎn)早在人們意識(shí)到語(yǔ)言的千差萬(wàn)別之前就已經(jīng)在歐洲扎下了根。
[例句] A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to getthe “right” answers.
[譯文] 在谷歌上進(jìn)行一次搜索便會(huì)產(chǎn)生0.2到7.0克的二氧化碳，具體數(shù)值取決于人們得到“正確”答案所需的查詢(xún)次數(shù)。
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