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考研英語語法小講:副詞
副詞可修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語及整個句子。
例句: Andrew, my father?s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, much to the family?s disappointment. (1997年第3題)
分析: 該句是簡單句,其中副詞much修飾介詞短語to the family?s disappointment。
譯文: 我父親的弟弟安德魯不會參加野餐,這令全家人非常失望。
副詞的分類:
1. 時間副詞,如now, yesterday, today, ago, then, lately, soon, shortly, immediately, finally, recently, before, tomorrow。
例句: Americans today don?t place a very high value on intellect. (選自2004年Text 4)
分析: 該句是簡單句。
譯文: 現(xiàn)在美國人不重視智力。
2. 地點副詞,如here, there, above, below, downstairs, upstairs, home, somewhere, everywhere, elsewhere, down, up, anywhere等。
例句: Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses? convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. (選自2002年Text 1)
分析: 該句是復合句,兩個which引導的定語從句分別修飾an example和a story,前一個 which引導的定語從句為非限制性定語從句,起補充說明作用。
譯文: 比如說,在一次護士大會上,我聽到了一個能很好地發(fā)揮幽默效果的故事,因為所有的聽眾都對醫(yī)生持有相同的看法。
3. 程度副詞,如fairly, rather, very, almost, too, quite, enough, so, much。
例句: She had clearly no intention of doing any work, although she was very well paid.(1997年第34題)
分析: 該句是復合句,although后面跟的是讓步狀語從句。
譯文: 雖然付給她的報酬豐厚,但她無意去工作。
4. 頻率副詞,如sometimes, often, usually, always, frequently, constantly, rarely, seldom, never, occasionally。
例句: In addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built?in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.
分析: 該句是簡單句,其中built?in意為“內(nèi)嵌式的”。在方式狀語中,that need to be served為定語從句,修飾the functions。
譯文: 此外,根據(jù)需要滿足的功能,設(shè)計者通常必須選擇家具或設(shè)計內(nèi)嵌式家具。
5.方式副詞,表示動作發(fā)生或進行的方式,如quickly,fast,slowly,suddenly,carefully, well, properly, roughly, angrily, rudely。
例句: You would be shocked if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look like the inside of a restaurant.
分析: 該句是復合句,if引導的從句表示與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語氣。
譯文: 如果你的臥室內(nèi)部突然變得和飯店內(nèi)部一樣,你可能會大吃一驚。
6.疑問副詞,如when, where, how, why, who。
例句: So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? (選自2002年Text 3)
分析: 該句是特殊疑問句。動詞warn的ing形式作headlines的后置定語,表示一種主動關(guān)系。
譯文: 那么這次警告人們經(jīng)濟蕭條到來的頭版新聞又在哪兒呢?
7.關(guān)系副詞,如when,where,why。
例句: Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could recreate the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil Trust was broken up.
分析: 該句是復合句,主句是it is ha
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