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最新英文口譯員速記筆記符號(hào)與縮寫(xiě)大全
英文口譯同樣要學(xué)速記筆記符號(hào)與縮寫(xiě),為方便大家學(xué)習(xí)記憶,yjbys小編為大家分享筆記符號(hào)與縮寫(xiě)全文如下:
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)縮寫(xiě)
cf = compare
e.g. = example
dept = department
只使用單詞的第一個(gè)音節(jié)
pol = politics
dem = democracy
lib = liberal
cap = capitalism
使用第一個(gè)音節(jié)和第二個(gè)音節(jié)或字母
pres = presentation
subj = subject
ind = individual
cons = conservative
省略最后的幾個(gè)字母
assoc = associate
biol = biology
info = information
ach = achievement
chem = chemistry
max = maximum
intro = introduction
conc = concentration
min = minimum
rep = repetition
省略元音,只保留輔音
ppd = prepared
prblm = problem
estmt = estimate
bkgd = background
gvt = government
Use an apostrophe in place of letters.
am't = amount
cont'd = continued
gov't = government
educat'l = educational
通過(guò)添加s來(lái)形成符號(hào)或縮寫(xiě)詞的復(fù)數(shù)。
chpts = chapters
egs = examples
fs = frequencies
intros = introductions
Use g to represent ing endings.
ckg = checking
estg = establishing
decrg = decreasing
exptg = experimenting
Tips
※Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:
in
but
as
key
※Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:
is
was
were
※Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:
a
an
the
※Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:
@ at
2 to
4 for
& and
w/ with
w/o without
vs against
= therefore
= = is or equal
Use technical symbols where applicable.
zb = German, for example
ibid = Latin, the same work
o = degrees
H2O = water
+ plus
// parallel
Other Symbols and Abbreviations
as a result of / consequences of <--->
resulting in --->
and / also +
equal to / same as =
following ff
most importantly *
less than <
greater than > especially esp/
縮略詞
拿掉所有元音
MKT: market
MGR: manager
MSG: message
STD: standard
RCV: receive
保留前幾個(gè)字母
INFO information
INS insurance
EXCH exchange
I owe you IOU
In stead of I/O
保留開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾個(gè)發(fā)音字母
WK week
RM room
PL people
根據(jù)發(fā)音
R are
THO though
THRU throu
字母、圖像
Z 表示"人"people/person,因?yàn)?quot;Z"看上去像個(gè)人頭,它通常被寫(xiě)在一個(gè)詞或符號(hào)的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,統(tǒng)治:government,govern 希臘字母C 讀/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C來(lái)表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示為 CZ
P 表示政治:politics, political 希臘字母P 讀/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician 就可以表示為 PZ
E 表示總數(shù):total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)表示總值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。G 為效率符號(hào)。
Q 表示"通貨膨脹":inflation 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)符號(hào)酷似一個(gè)上升的氣球。
A 表示農(nóng)業(yè): agriculture. agriculture 經(jīng)常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商業(yè):business。
C× 表示沖突,矛盾:conflict, confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反對(duì),字母"C"將反對(duì)的概念縮小為conflict 和 confrontation。
W 表示工作,職業(yè): work, employ 等。它是work 的第一個(gè)字母。所以WZ 就可以用來(lái)表示worker, 而W(Z 在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。
i 表示工業(yè): industry, industrial 字母i 像只煙囪,所以用來(lái)可以用來(lái)表示工業(yè)。
U U 看酷似一個(gè)酒杯,在筆記中表示合同、協(xié)議(treaty, agreement)一般只有在談判成功、協(xié)議成交后才會(huì)表示"舉杯祝賀"。如果在U 內(nèi)填入2××××,就可以表示為bilateral(雙邊的),填入3 表示為trilateral(三邊的)。填入在U 中填入1 表示: Unilateralism(單邊主義),填入m
(multiple) 表示多邊主義。如果在U 上加一個(gè)"/"××××表示談判破裂。
O 表示"國(guó)家"、"民族"、"領(lǐng)土"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO 表示進(jìn)口,Og 表示出口,這個(gè)符號(hào)酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主辦:chair, host, preside over。那么在此符號(hào)上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.
T 表示"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人":leader, head 那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示為 CT
⊙ 圓圈表示一個(gè)圓桌,中間一點(diǎn)表示一盆花,這個(gè)符號(hào)就可以表示會(huì)議、開(kāi)會(huì)等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium
k 這個(gè)符號(hào)看上像條魚(yú),所以表示"捕魚(yú)業(yè)"等合fishery 有關(guān)的詞匯。
O 圓圈代表地球,橫線(xiàn)表示赤道,所以這個(gè)符號(hào)就可以表示國(guó)際的、世界的、全球的:international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.
J 表示開(kāi)心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc.
L 表示不滿(mǎn)、生氣unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.
EO 表示聽(tīng)到、總所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.
O 表示漠不關(guān)心、無(wú)動(dòng)于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc.
箭頭
g 表示到達(dá)、傳達(dá):go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to etc.
表示導(dǎo)致、引導(dǎo):lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.
表示屈服:submit to
f 表示來(lái)自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc.
表示追溯到:come/go back to,originate
h 表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc.
表示發(fā)射、投放市場(chǎng)、發(fā)行:launch,open, start, etc.
表示發(fā)展、加強(qiáng)、推進(jìn):develop,strengthen, promote, etc
表示"波折":ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.
數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)
+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2) 表示"多"的比較級(jí):more
+3 表示"多"的最高級(jí):most
- 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
× 表示"錯(cuò)誤"、"失誤"和"壞"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.
> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.
表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.
< 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.
表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.
= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.
表示"對(duì)手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.
( ) 表示"在......之間":among, within, etc.
≠ 表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.
表示"無(wú)敵"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.
~ 表示"大約"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.
/ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.
標(biāo)點(diǎn)等
: 表示各種各樣"說(shuō)"的動(dòng)詞:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
? 表示"問(wèn)題":question,issue,例如:臺(tái)灣回歸問(wèn)題:tw?
. (dot) 這個(gè)"."點(diǎn)的位置不同表示的概念也不一樣".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"
表示two month ago。"y"表示this year, "y2." two year later"next week", 可以表示為"wk."
∧ 表示轉(zhuǎn)折
√ 表示"好的"狀態(tài),right/good,famous/well-known,etc.
表示"同意"狀態(tài),stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.
☆ 表示"重要的"狀態(tài):important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.
n 表示"交流"狀態(tài):exchange,mutual, etc.
& 表示"和","與":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.
∥ 表示"結(jié)束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
較長(zhǎng)單詞的處理辦法
-ism 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 m 例如:socialism Sm
-tion 簡(jiǎn) 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 n 例如:standardization (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化) stdn
-cian 簡(jiǎn) 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 o 例如:technician techo
-ing 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 g 例如:marketing (市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)) MKTg
-ed 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 d 例如:accepted acptd
-able/ible/ble 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 bl 例如:available avbl
-ment 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 mt 例如:amendment amdmt
-ize 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 z 例如:recognize regz
-ful 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為 fl 例如:meaningful mnf
高級(jí)口譯聽(tīng)力常用英語(yǔ)縮略詞表 | ||
縮略詞 | 原詞 | |
APT | Apartment | |
ACC | Accountant | |
ACDG | According | |
ACPT | Accept | |
AD | Advertisement | |
ADS | Address | |
ADV | Advice | |
AMAP | As much/many as possible | |
AMT | Amount | |
APV | Approve | |
ASAP | As soon as possible | |
BAL | Balance | |
BLDG | Building | |
CERT | Certificate | |
CFM | Conform | |
CNCL | Cancel | |
CNF | Conference | |
CMI | Commission | |
CMP | Complete | |
CMPE | Compete/competitive | |
CMU | Communication | |
CONC | Concern/concerning/concerned | |
COND | Condition | |
CO. | Company | |
DEPT | Department | |
DISC | Discount | |
DPT | Departure | |
EXCH | Exchange | |
EXPLN | Explain | |
EXT | Extent | |
FLT | Flight | |
FNT | Final | |
FRT | Freight | |
FYR | For your reference | |
GD | Good | |
GUAR | Guarantee | |
H.O. | Home office | |
INFO | Information | |
IMPS | Impossible | |
IMP(T) | Important | |
INCD | Include | |
INDIV | Individual | |
INS | Insurance | |
INTST | Interested | |
I/O | In stead of | |
IOU | I owe you | |
IVO | In view of | |
MANUF | Manufacture | |
MDL | Model | |
MEMO | Memorandum | |
MGR | Manger | |
MIN | Minimum | |
MKT | Market | |
MSG | Message | |
NCRY | Necessary | |
NLT | No later than | |
OBS | Observe | |
OBT | Obtain | |
ORD | Ordinary | |
PAT | Patent | |
PC | Piece | |
PKG | Packing | |
PL | People | |
PLS | Please | |
POSN | Position | |
POSS(BL) | Possible | |
PROD | Product | |
QLTY | Quality | |
QUTY | Quantity | |
RCV | Receive | |
REF | Reference | |
REGL | Regular | |
REP | Representative | |
RESN | Reservation | |
RPT | Repeat | |
RESPON | Responsible | |
SEC | Section | |
SITN | Situation | |
STD | Standard | |
TEL | Telephone | |
TEMP | Temporary | |
TGM | Telegraph | |
THO | Though | |
TKS | Thanks | |
TRD | Trade | |
TRF | Traffic | |
TTL | Total | |
U | You | |
UR | Your | |
WK | Week | |
WL | Will | |
WT | Weight | |
XL | Extra large |
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