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2016高考精準(zhǔn)考點：高考英語閱讀理解高分技巧
明天就是高考了，今天小編給大家整理了一些實用簡單的高考英語閱讀題解答技巧介紹資料，覺得有用的話快收藏吧。
高考英語閱讀理解高分技巧
一、常見題型分析
(一)主旨大意題
主旨大意題在閱讀理解試題中所占比例及難度都相當(dāng)大。主旨大意是作者在文章中要表達的主要內(nèi)容，是全文的核心，作者在文章中努力通過各種細節(jié)信息來闡明中心話題。因此，把握主旨大意對于正確理解全文具有重要意義。要找出主旨大意，應(yīng)采用快速閱讀法瀏覽全文，閱讀時要注意抓住表達中心思想的句子。文章不同，中心句在文章中的位置也就不同，但一般情況下閱讀時應(yīng)特別留意文章的開頭、結(jié)尾及各個段落的首句和尾句，因為它們往往包含文章的中心議題。
常見的命題方式：
What is the main idea of this passage?
What dose this passage mainly concern?
The main theme of this passage is_____________
The main point of the passage is___________
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is______
The purpose of the writer writing this passage is_____
Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?
文章主題常常可以通過文章的寫作方法來體現(xiàn)，有以下幾種情況：
1。題句位于句首。主題句出現(xiàn)在文首，開門見山，提出主題，隨之用細節(jié)來解釋、支撐主題句所表達的主題思想。這是英語中最常見的演繹寫作法。 2。主題句位于段末。主題句出現(xiàn)在文章結(jié)尾是作者采用了先擺事實，后作結(jié)論的手法。這種段落稱作歸納型段落。這是英語中最常見的歸納寫作法。3. 主題句首尾呼應(yīng)。為突出主題，作者先提出主題，結(jié)尾時再次點出主題，這種首尾呼應(yīng)的寫作方法也較為多見。通常，前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復(fù)，后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味。4。主題句位于段落的中間。主題句出現(xiàn)在文章的中間，通常前面只提出問題，文章的主題由隨之陳述的細節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出，而后又作進一步的解釋、說明或發(fā)展。5。主題句隱含在段意之中。全文沒有明確的主題句。其中心思想包含在各個句子中，在這種情況下，讀者要把所有已知的細節(jié)綜合起來，進行邏輯推理，概括歸納出主題句。
【典例1】 The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take。
Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(電網(wǎng)). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed。
……
Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year。
Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘車上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.
This passage is mainly about ________。
A. energy-saving tips B. fuel-saving tips
C. do-it-yourself tips D. environment-protecting tips
【解析】 本文主要介紹了如何節(jié)約能源。本文是一篇科普文章，主題很明顯，文章一開始就點明了主題，接下來整篇文章都是圍繞如何save energy展開，而save fuel僅僅只是其中的一部分。故選A。針對主旨大意類題目，應(yīng)采用快速閱讀法(Skimming)瀏覽全文。在閱讀時，應(yīng)特別注意文章的開頭、結(jié)尾及段落的段首句和段尾句，因為他們往往名包含文章的中心議題。
【典例2】 Domestic (馴養(yǎng)的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame (馴服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today。
Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication。
……
The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new from of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.
The passage is mainly about _______。
A. why humans domesticated horses
B. how humans and horses needed each other
C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes
D. how human societies and horses influenced each other
【解析】本文以時間為順序，記敘了人類對馬的馴化以及馬對人類的生活所產(chǎn)生的重要影響。本題考查主旨大意。前四段說明，人類馴養(yǎng)了野馬，使得馬的種類繁多，這是人類社會對馬的影響;最后一段說明，馬作為交通工具加速了人類文化傳播的進程。故文章的主題應(yīng)是D所說的內(nèi)容。此主題句出現(xiàn)在文章的最后一段。如果文章沒有明確的主題句，文章的中心思想往往包含在各個段落中，考生可采取提綱挈領(lǐng)的方法，通過分析細節(jié)把文章的要點歸納出來，概括出全文的中心思想。
選擇標(biāo)題屬主旨大意題，是閱讀理解題�？嫉念}型之一。那么怎么樣選擇文章的標(biāo)題? 選擇文章標(biāo)題屬深層次理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析主人公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者寫作意圖，在此基礎(chǔ)上，所選出的標(biāo)題還應(yīng)做到概括性、針對性、醒目性的有機結(jié)合。
1。概括性原則 要求標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大限度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主旨。標(biāo)題實際上是文章主題的一種確認(rèn)方式。前面我們提到，通過尋找主題句，往往很容易確定短文的標(biāo)題。但大多數(shù)文章的主題句并不明顯，需要我們通過體會字里行間蘊含的意思從整體上把握文章的主旨，從全局的角度概括歸納出文章的標(biāo)題。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以點代面，以偏概全。
2。針對性原則 針對性原則是對標(biāo)題外延的一種界定。概括性原則要求文章標(biāo)題包括文章的主要內(nèi)容。但如果標(biāo)題過大，就違背了針對性原則、針對性原則要求標(biāo)題不能太過于概括，而是要直接指向文章的主旨。即標(biāo)題不能太大也不能太小。要量體裁衣，大小適度。
3。醒目性原則 標(biāo)題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂。標(biāo)題的好壞往往會影響文章的可讀性。讀者往往從標(biāo)題上決定文章的閱讀取舍。故標(biāo)題往往比較醒目，甚至比較離奇，目的是為了吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。所以在標(biāo)題選擇的過程中，在滿足概括性和針對性的條件下，還要考慮標(biāo)題的醒目性。
(二)推理判斷題
推理判斷題是指在理解原文字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析和細節(jié)的暗示，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的深層意義及隱含意義的過程。推理判斷題在閱讀中屬于難度較高的題型，通常占總題數(shù)的15%-30%。它主要考查考生理清上下文邏輯關(guān)系的能力以及考生的識別能力。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，要求考生在遵循原文意義的基礎(chǔ)上，對文章字面信息進行分析、挖掘、邏輯推理，揭示其深層含義。常出現(xiàn)的推理題有邏輯推理，知識推理等。這類考題中常出現(xiàn)的詞有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, can, could, might, may等。
常見的命題方式：
From paragraph one we can infer that_________
What can be inferred from the passage?
We can infer from the text that…?
What can we learn from…?
We can conclude from the passage that_______
The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that______
The author implies that_______
This passage would most likely be found in______
The author’s attitude toward…is_________?
推理判斷題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，掌握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。(1)要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);(2)要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從特殊到一般，通過分析、綜合、判斷等，進行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就事論事，斷章取義，以偏概全;(3)要忠實于原文，不能主觀臆想，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;(4)要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。要體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摩作者的態(tài)度，摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。
【典例1】 Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier—the shark(鯊魚)。
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms。
Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure。
If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather。
…
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system。
At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology。
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish—none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模擬) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts。
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. (2008·天津卷)
44. The passage is most probably taken from _____。
A. a short-story collection
B. a popular science magazine
C. a research paper
D. a personal diary
45. What do we learn from the first four paragraph of the passage?
A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather。
B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled。
C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job。
D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster。
如：Mary is due to leave at two o’clock。
【解析】 本文為科普類文章，介紹了一位英國生物系學(xué)生對于鯊魚來預(yù)測暴風(fēng)雨的研究。
44. B 推理判斷題。本題適宜用排除法。由文章內(nèi)容來看這是一篇科普文，A、D可刪除，由文章的語言來看，并未出現(xiàn)大量的專業(yè)術(shù)語，可刪除C “a research paper”(科研論文)
45. A 推理判斷題。由第一段和第四段可知，前四段所要表達的含義為If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of Sharks to predict bad weather。(科學(xué)家們可以通過監(jiān)視鯊魚的行為來預(yù)測不好的天氣”。故A 項正確。細節(jié)推斷題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)語篇關(guān)系，推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識進行推理判斷。解答此類題，不僅需要我們有一定的社會基礎(chǔ)知識，而且還需要對細節(jié)以及有關(guān)背景知識有一個充分的理解。
【典例2】 It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, carrier, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of the dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him。
Over the phone, his mother told him, “Mr. Belser died last night. The funeral is Wednesday。” Memories fleshed through his mind like an old newsreel as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days。
…
Inside he found these words carved: “Jack. Thanks for your time! Harold Belser。”
“Oh. My God! This is the thing he valued most …”
Jack held the watch for a few minutes, then called his assistant and cleared his appointments for the next two days. “Why?” his assistant asked。
“I need some time to spend with my son,” he said.
69. Why did Jack say he needed some time to spend with his son?
A. He was very tired of his work and wanted to have a good rest。
B. He had promised to spare more time to stay with his son。
C. He had missed his son and his family for days。
D. He came to realize the importance of the time with his family。
【解析】 本文屬于記敘文，文章由鄰居之死而引出一個不容忽視的社會主題：友情、親情才是最重要的。69. D推理判斷題，由文中可知Belser的遺言對Jack觸動很大，同時也使他開始領(lǐng)悟到：只有親人、朋友才是生活中最重要的。因果推斷題要求考生根據(jù)已知結(jié)果推測導(dǎo)致該結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的可能原因，考生要準(zhǔn)確掌握文章的內(nèi)涵，理解文章的真正含義。回答推理判斷題的試題時，考生一定要牢記，能夠直接從文中找到的選項不是正確選項，因為與原文一樣的句子不叫推理。只有那些沒有在文中直接出現(xiàn)，但根據(jù)文中的信息經(jīng)過推斷可以得出的才是符合題意的正確選項。
【典例3】As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. “The woods” was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friend’s house and found him not at home, his mother might say, “Oh, he’s out in the woods, ” with a tone(語氣) of airy acceptance. It’s similar to the tone people sometimes use nowadays to tell me that someone I’m looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even “away from his desk。” For us ten-year-olds, “being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while。
…
It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence(青春期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that were really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.
55. How does the author feel about his childhood?
A. Happy but short. B. Lonely but memorable。
C. Boring and meaningless. D. Long and unforgettable。
【解析】本文描述了小時侯玩耍的“樹林”對與“我”和朋友們的意義。主要講述了我們在“樹林”中所從事的活動——探索，以及之后隨著年齡的增長，不再去那里的過程。55. A 從全文看，作者在“樹林”里過的很愉快，又由最后一段可知，當(dāng)我們一部分人上了七年級之后。我們在“樹林”中的玩耍就結(jié)束了。很短暫。因此，正確選項為 A。做這一類題時一定注意：1. 由表及里地準(zhǔn)確把握字里行間的意思，切勿用自己的主觀想法或觀點代替作者的思想觀點。2. 要特別注意那些描寫環(huán)境氣氛的語言，以及表達感情、態(tài)度觀點的詞語和作者在文章中的措辭，尤其是感情色彩的形容詞。3. 能結(jié)合自己平時積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等背景知識來識別評價。
(三)詞義推測題
該題型主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測詞義和語義的能力，突出考查對語境的分析和把握能力。近幾年的高考閱讀理解題越來越重視對猜詞悟義能力的考查，試題中有一到兩個小題是直接考查詞義猜測的。從考查內(nèi)容看主要有猜測某個生詞、熟詞、短語或句子的意思以及猜測代詞的指代等。
常見的命題方式：
Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word…?
The word…could best be replaced by…?
In the…paragraph, the word…means(refers to)…
According to the passage,…probably means…
The authors uses the word…to mean…
The word…is most likely to mean…。
【典例1】 Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager。
“I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?’” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste。”
Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits。
…
41. The underlined word “gulf” in Para.3 most probably means _________。
A. interest B. distance C. difference D. separation
【解析】本文講述“代溝”的發(fā)展、變化。以40歲左右為分界線，之前和之后與子女間的關(guān)系在改變，雖然代溝越來越窄，但仍沒有消失，家庭研究專家提醒新的平等關(guān)系也會導(dǎo)致子女對父母的不尊重。41. D 由上文中提到的 “…he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager。”以及“There was just a complete gap in taste。”可知gulf應(yīng)表示兩代人之間關(guān)系的“代溝”。separation指“分開，分離”。猜測詞義時更多用到的方法是：結(jié)合上下文的意義、線索、內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系。一般情況下，上下文所提示的意義與所考詞匯通常是同義、反義或針對性解釋的關(guān)系，可直接確定詞義。根據(jù)上下文意義很難作出判斷的，就考慮用句法和內(nèi)在邏輯方法去判斷，符合句法和內(nèi)在邏輯的可能為正確答案，反之則排除。
【典例2】
Dear Hamilton,
We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable setting. I don’t know anyone in the office who is better liked than you。
You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral(葬禮)remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts。
It’s not only the collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor)， but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who don’t know them outside the office, who wouldn’t even recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives。
This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people think well of you for)， but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today’s office setting。
Thank you for understanding.
63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means ________。
A. money B. suggestions C. reports D. understanding
【解析】這是一篇書信，作者提出辦公室里存在一種不好的現(xiàn)象：無論有什么事，辦公室里所有人都湊份子錢。作者對這種做法提出質(zhì)疑，說這種風(fēng)氣不好，并希望收信人能夠關(guān)注此事。63. A 第二段說湊份子是為了買禮物慶祝職員個人生活中的大事，比如婚禮，葬禮等。結(jié)合選項判斷，畫線部分的contributions指money，故選A。做題時，首先要仔細看單詞來確定詞性，是名詞、動詞、形容詞還是副詞，(如上面的高考題中的contributions，根據(jù)-tion我們可以推知該詞應(yīng)該是名詞);然后好好研究含有生詞的從句或句子與其他的句子或段落之間的關(guān)系，或跟相鄰單詞或句子的關(guān)系，它們之間可能出現(xiàn)因果、比較、時間、例證等關(guān)系，有時候標(biāo)點符號也可以提供線索。最后還要根據(jù)上下文檢測猜測結(jié)果的正確性。
(四)細節(jié)理解題
細節(jié)理解題在高考閱讀理解題中占有相當(dāng)大的比例。從2007·全國各地的試題來看，細節(jié)理解題占全部閱讀理解題的50%還多。細節(jié)理解題一般是根據(jù)短文提供的信息和事實提問的。細節(jié)題可分為兩種類型：一種是答案幾乎可以直接出短文中獲得，正確答案和原文中含相關(guān)信息的句子也幾乎相同;另一種細節(jié)題要復(fù)雜一些，有時在原文中找不到同正確選項相近的詞，正確答案可能是原文某一事實的結(jié)果、原因、前提等。細節(jié)理解題的特點是：要選擇的答案一定要在短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語、句子或段落。選擇的依據(jù)必須是短文本身提供的信息，而絕不是根據(jù)自己的主觀假設(shè)或推測或是自己的觀點來決定。在閱讀過程中對一些涉及到who, what, when, where, how, why等常考的細節(jié)內(nèi)容做適當(dāng)標(biāo)記，以便于解題時迅速、準(zhǔn)確的查找。
常見的命題方式：
According to the author, who/what/when/ where/which/why/how…?
Which of the following statements is true/not true?
The statement made by the author is based on the evidence/example/fact that_____
Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text?
The author states all of the following EXCEPT_________
當(dāng)問題中含有not,except,but等表示否定、排除等意義的詞時，需要進行逆向思維。因此，一定要保持思維清晰、認(rèn)真審題，不要武斷。
【典例1】 Despite the fact that it has never been seen almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn(獨角獸). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn--- the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn。
According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree。
…
56. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn?
A. It was not historically recorded
B. Its horn was first used in France
C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx
D. It could be the symbol of a university
57. To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT ____。
A. tempting the unicorn to attack
B. making use of the tree as a protection
C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn
D. having the unicorn horn stuck in the tree
【解析】 本文為一篇說明文，主要介紹了傳說中的獨角獸，如何捕捉，以及獨角獸角的用途等。56. D 細節(jié)理解題。A項錯誤是因為與第一段第二句不吻合;B項錯誤是因為與第三段中的事實不符，文中只提到了the French court用了unicornhorn，時間是the French Revolution in 1789，并未說這是第一次使用;C項錯在與第一段不符，文中只提到了Aristotle的理論闡述，并沒有說人們對the Indian Ass和the Oryx熟悉;D項與第一段倒數(shù)第二句內(nèi)容吻合。對細節(jié)考查通常涉及一些長難句，對此，不要驚慌，首先判斷是簡單句還是復(fù)合句，若是簡單句，先找句子的主、謂、賓，理解其主要意義，再加附屬成分的意義。若是復(fù)合句，先判斷從句，再分析各自的意義，最后聯(lián)合整句意義。對于細節(jié)理解題要認(rèn)真，周全考慮方能選取正確答案。這種題的正確選項往往是原文意義的不同表現(xiàn)形式。干擾項常是以下幾種情況：選項本身正確，但不符合題干要求;選項本身錯誤或原文根本沒有提到;選項中含有原文信息，但其中個別詞描述的不準(zhǔn)確，這種選項的干擾性最強，考生在答題時要十分注意。
57. C 細節(jié)理解題。A項正確是因為與第二段中提到的the hunter的誘捕行為吻合，即stand in front of a tree來引誘unicorn的攻擊，其目的就是catch a unicorn;B項正確是因為 the hunter 引誘unicorn來攻擊而后move quickly behind it(the tree)，其目的就是利用the tree作為掩護，而不是躲到unicorn的后面，所以C項錯誤;D項正確是因為與第二段最后一句吻合。問題中有時含有NOT，EXCEPT，BUT等表示否定、排除等意義的詞語，需要進行逆向思維。因此，一定要保持思維清晰，認(rèn)真審題，不宜匆忙武斷。
【典例2】Young adult filmmakers all hope to show their works in international festivals like Sundance and Toronto. But what about really young filmmakers who aren’t in film school yet and aren’t, strictly speaking, even adults?
They are at the heart of Wingspan Arts Kids Films Festival, tomorrow, in a setting any director might envy: Lincoln Center. Complete with “red carpet” interviews and various awards, the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers, except for the age of the participants: about 8 to 18。
“What’s really exciting is that it’s film for kids by kids,” said Cori Gardner, managing director of Wingspan Arts, a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the New York area. This year the festival will include films not only from Wingspan but also from other city organizations and one from a middle school in Arlington, Virginia. “We want to make this a national event,” Ms. Gardner added。
…
The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown. These include a music video and full-length film whose title is Pressures.
56. Wingspan Arts Kids Film Festival ____。
A. is organized by a middle school
B. is as famous as the Toronto Festival
C. shows films made by children
D. offers awards to film school students
57. Which of the following is true of Wingspan Arts?
A. It helps young filmmakers to make money。
B. It provides arts projects for young people。
C. It’s a media arts and leadership-training group。
D. It’s a national organization for young people。
60. At the end of this film festival, there will be ____。
A. various awards B. “red carpet” interviews
C. an open reception D. a concert at Lincoln Center
【解析】 本文主要講述了由孩子們拍攝的電影，并在電影節(jié)上展示的事情。56. C細節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句話和第三段第一句話“…the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers, except for the age of the participants: about 8 to 18。“What’s really exciting is that it’s film for kids by kids,”可知Wingspan Arts Kids Films Festivals是專門由孩子制作電影然后，專門為孩子播放帶來藝術(shù)享受的節(jié)日。57. B 細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句話“…Wingspan Arts, a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the New York area”可知Wingspan Arts是一個非盈利為目的的為青少年提供藝術(shù)項目的紐約的組織。60.C 細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown”可知電影節(jié)結(jié)束時會舉辦一次開放的招待會，屆時將會有其它的電影上映。在讀文章之前先讀題，對要考查的細節(jié)部分做簡要記錄，這樣，在讀文章時才能快而準(zhǔn)確地鎖定目標(biāo)信息，以便節(jié)省時間和減少反復(fù)尋找細節(jié)的麻煩。細節(jié)理解題中有很多是非題。出題形式：1)三正一誤(三項正確，只有一項不符合原文內(nèi)容)：Which of the following is true except...? Which of the following is mentioned except...?2) 三誤一正(三項錯誤，只有一項符合原文內(nèi)容)： Which of the following is true? 解題方法：1)定位法 根據(jù)題干或選項中的關(guān)鍵詞回歸原文，找到相關(guān)句，仔細閱讀后與選項相比較確定答案。2)固定思路這種做題方法主要與三正一誤的下列問法相聯(lián)系：Which of the following mentioned except...? Which of the following is not mentioned...?這種問題的正確選項所包含的信息通常連續(xù)出現(xiàn)在同一段，而且往往無列舉標(biāo)志詞，如first，second，third等。做題時只需閱讀有關(guān)段落，根據(jù)一個選項中的關(guān)鍵詞在其前后找其他兩個正確選項，剩下一個原文中未提到的，為正確答案。
【典例3】 Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you’ve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. but sometimes it’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge. it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself。
Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about US. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world。
The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don’t allow doubts to occur in it。
…
46. You need to build a positive self-image when you _________。
A. dare to challenge yourself
B. feel it hard to change yourself
C. are unconfident about yourself
D. have a high opinion of yourself
47. According to the passage, our self-images _________。
A. have positive effects
B. are probably untrue
C. are often changeable
D. have different functions
【解析】 文章闡述了如何避免消極，并建立積極向上的自我形象。46. C 細節(jié)理解題。從Para1 最后一句“If you find that believing yourself is a challenge”可知意思是“缺乏自信”。47. C細節(jié)理解題。 從Para 2 第二句，“This image includes…”可知，self-image是可變的。選項A，不全面;根據(jù)第一段最后一句Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self?image and your whole world�？膳袛郈項正確。細節(jié)性問題是關(guān)于SUPPORTING DETAILS 類的問題，通過SKIMMING找出主題后，應(yīng)進一步掌握闡述和發(fā)展主題的主要事實，或按要求找出特定細節(jié)。這類題目常以“wh-”形式來提問，如 who, what, when, why及how等形式。這些問題的表達不采用文章中的原話提問，而是使用同義詞語等，因此，在選擇答案前應(yīng)首先看清題干，然后在查讀時尋找與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語;最后，在充分理解原文、原題的基礎(chǔ)上選定正確的答案。當(dāng)然，這類細節(jié)性問題涉及的面很廣。有的涉及數(shù)字計算，如時間、距離、次數(shù)、數(shù)量等，對這類問題須認(rèn)真計算后方可選定正確答案;有的涉及正誤判斷，要先看選項，根據(jù)選項提供的線索，尋找文中相應(yīng)部分，最后在題中選出肯定答案;還有的是有關(guān)事實、原因、結(jié)果、目的等�？傊�，做細節(jié)題切忌通過自己對某類知識的主觀了解和認(rèn)識做出輕率判斷，一定要緊扣文章內(nèi)容，不可隨心所欲。
二、解題方法
1. 先看題干，帶著問題讀文章。
即先看試題，再讀文章。閱讀題干，首先要掌握問題的類型，分清是客觀信息題還是主觀判斷題�？陀^信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)，作者未加陳述的觀點以及貫穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位，再將相關(guān)信息進行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項，選出正確答案。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率，節(jié)省了寶貴的時間。特別適用于對圖形表格類題材的理解。
2. 速讀全文，了解大意知主題。
閱讀的目的是獲取信息。一個人的閱讀能力的高低決定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力。沒有一定的閱讀速度就不能順利地輸入信息，更談不上運用英語。近幾年的高考閱讀速度大約是每分鐘40個詞左右�？忌仨氃谑钟邢薜臅r間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。
抓主題句這是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭和結(jié)尾。用歸納法撰寫的文章，都是表述細節(jié)的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此時主題句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演繹法撰寫的文章，大都遵循從一般到個別的寫作程序，即從概述開始，隨之輔以細說。這時，主題句就是文章的第一句。當(dāng)然也有些文章沒有主題句，需要讀者自己去歸納。主題句往往對全文起提示、啟迪、概括、歸納之作用，主旨大意題，歸納概括題，中心思想題往往直接可從主題句中找到答案。
高考英語考試中英語閱讀題是不容丟分的部分，也是與其他考生拉開距離的地方，所以切記要多做題練題感。還有，夢想還是要有的，萬一考上了呢。小編也順便在這里預(yù)祝將要高考的同學(xué)們考試順利，高考英語六六六。
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