英語寫作中的最常見十大句式
學(xué)好英語,句式變換直接影響到論文寫作的成敗。本文為大家介紹英語寫作中的最常見十大句式,歡迎閱讀了解。
一、否定句
許多否定句不含not的否定結(jié)構(gòu)。如果論文作者能正確使用他們,就會(huì)增加寫作的閃光點(diǎn),使文章顯得生動(dòng)活潑。
1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the internet.應(yīng)該教孩子們?nèi)绾螐幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)獲取有益的信息,而不是沉溺于玩電腦游戲。
2、On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immense value of knowledge. 我們絕不能忽視知識(shí)的巨大價(jià)值。
3、College students take part-time jobs not formore money but fora better understanding of societies.大學(xué)生參加兼職工作不是為了賺更多錢,而是為了更好地了解社會(huì)。
4、One’s salary doesnot depend so much on his educational background ason his ability and contribution to the society.一個(gè)人的工資與其說取決于他的教育背景倒不如說取決于他的能力和對(duì)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)。
5、In terms of nutrition, fast foodis far from satisfactory.從營(yíng)養(yǎng)角度來說,快餐遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意。
6、Parentswould not expect their children to become useful persons withoutworking hard. 父母?jìng)儾荒苤竿⒆觽儾唤?jīng)過刻苦努力就可以成才。
二、非限制性定語從句
如果需要對(duì)前述的整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋或說明,就可以用到非限制性定語從句。
1、Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality,whichis of vital importance to their developmentin the future. 毫無疑問,實(shí)用性課程可以用于實(shí)際中,這對(duì)于他們未來發(fā)展是非常重要的。
2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful.孩子們傾向于模仿大眾媒體上的所見所聞,這在有時(shí)是危險(xiǎn)和有害的。
3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分學(xué)生相信業(yè)余工作會(huì)使他們有更多機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展人際交往能力, 這對(duì)他們未來找工作是非常有好處的。
三、讓步句
讓步句是寫論文最常用的句式之一,作者務(wù)必掌握以下4種用法,可以使英文句子起伏跌宕,富于變化。
1、This view is widely acknowledged;however,there is little evidence that smoking isbeneficial topeople’shealth.這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)被廣泛認(rèn)可,然而,幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明吸煙對(duì)人們健康有利。
2、Although(Whilst)the computer has been widely used in class, it cannot replacethe role of teachers. 盡管計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)廣泛用于課堂,但是它不能取代教師的作用。
3、Reasonable asthe opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis. 雖然這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)聽起來有道理,但是它經(jīng)不住分析。
4、In spite of a lot of conveniences thatcars bring to people’s life, it can create a series ofserious problems.盡管汽車給人們的生活帶來了許多便利,但是也產(chǎn)生了一系列嚴(yán)重的問題。
四、It引導(dǎo)的句子
It引導(dǎo)的句子是寫作中使用頻率最高的句式。作者應(yīng)熟練掌握其用法,并能靈活運(yùn)用到文章的開篇、主體段和結(jié)尾段中。
1、It is hard to imagine whatour life would look like without computers in modern society. 很難想象如果現(xiàn)代社會(huì)沒有了計(jì)算機(jī),我們的生活會(huì)變成什么樣子。
2、It is conceivable thatbeing physically active does good to health. 可想而知,積極參加體育活動(dòng)有利于身體健康。
3、It is a highly controversial issue whetherwomen should join the armed forces or not. 女性是否應(yīng)該參軍是一個(gè)非常有爭(zhēng)議的問題。
4、It is universally acknowledged thatwater and air are indispensable to human beings.人們普遍認(rèn)為,水和空氣對(duì)人類不可缺少。
5、It is essential thatendangered species of animalsbeprotected against
being killed. 保護(hù)瀕危的動(dòng)物物種免遭殘殺是必需的。
6、It is high time thatthe government took effective measures to solve these problems.該是政府采取有效措施來解決這些問題的時(shí)候了。
7、It has been made easier for modern peopleto communicate with each other by theinternet in a few seconds.現(xiàn)代人很容易通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)就取得聯(lián)系。
8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves.關(guān)心孩子們的行為方式是值得的。
9、It is no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水難收。
10、It has been a few decades sincethe computer came into being.自從計(jì)算機(jī)問世以來已經(jīng)有幾十年的時(shí)間了。
五、假設(shè)句
假設(shè)句可分為真實(shí)假設(shè)句和非真實(shí)假設(shè)句兩種。常用在主體段落表示正、反論證。
1、If we destroy old buildings, thenwewill ruin the traditionalculture andheritage.如果我們推倒老房子,就要破壞傳統(tǒng)的文化和遺產(chǎn)。
2、Youwouldmiss the chance to interact with other studentsif you used internet at home. 假如你在家上網(wǎng),你就會(huì)失去與其他同學(xué)交流的機(jī)會(huì)。
3、Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the danger of
being unemployed.一旦你變換了現(xiàn)在的工作,就面臨著失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)。
六、倒裝句
在寫作中恰當(dāng)和準(zhǔn)確地使用倒裝句,有助于句子表達(dá)形式的多樣化,使語言更加生動(dòng)有力。
1、Only in this way can the problem be tackled properly. 只有這樣才能妥善地解決這個(gè)問題。
2、Only whenchildren take arduous efforts canthey become successful. 只有當(dāng)孩子們付出艱苦的努力他們才能獲得成功。
3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, butstudents learn how to handle interpersonal relations. 在校學(xué)習(xí)不僅為了學(xué)術(shù)目的,而且還可以學(xué)會(huì)如何處理人際關(guān)系。
4、Under no circumstancesshould youngsters follow negative informationon mass mediablindly.青少年決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從大眾媒體上的不良信息。
5、So valuable iswater that we cannot afford to waste it. 時(shí)間是如此珍貴,我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。
6、Nowadays,most dangerous for youngsters isthe tendency to indulge in playing PC games.如今對(duì)青少年最為危險(xiǎn)的事情是傾向于過多地玩電腦游戲。
七、強(qiáng)調(diào)句
寫作時(shí)為了突出句子的某一成分,常常使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance that human beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.正是為了維持生態(tài)平衡,人類才應(yīng)該保護(hù)地球上瀕危的動(dòng)物物種。
2、It is not untilpeople suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARS and AIDS thatthey are becoming aware of how significant it is for the government to invest more money in medical care.
直到人們患了像非典和愛滋病這樣致命的疾病時(shí),才意識(shí)到政府把更多的錢投入到醫(yī)療上的重要性。
3、Nothing in the world is more valuable than health.世界上沒有比健康更重要的了。
八、比較句
正確地使用比較結(jié)構(gòu)可以使文章的句式增加變化,有利于提高寫作成績(jī)。
1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high foryoungsters from single-parent families as for those in traditional households.(同級(jí)比較)研究表明來自單親家庭的青少年犯罪率是來自傳統(tǒng)家庭的兩倍。
2、Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure time than they did previously.(比較級(jí))一般說來,現(xiàn)代人比過去享有更少的休閑時(shí)間。
3、Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests. 與不同能力的孩子相比,聰明的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)和智力測(cè)驗(yàn)方面表現(xiàn)更加突出。
4、Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for theirsociety.與明星不同,其他專業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生和教師為社會(huì)創(chuàng)造了真正的價(jià)值。
5、Airis to humanwhat (as)water is to fish.空氣對(duì)人類就如同水對(duì)魚一樣。
九、插入語
插入語是對(duì)一句話做一些附加說明或解釋。最常見的位置于句中,一般用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與句子隔開。用得恰當(dāng),不僅可以增加字?jǐn)?shù),而且使文章更顯地道和精彩。
1、Computers,most important of all,create wide communication around the world. 最重要的是,計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。
2、Providing more parking areas,in the long run, has proved to be a practical way out in manylarge cities in the world.從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的利益來看,提供更多的停車位證明是許多世界大城市切實(shí)可行的出路。
3、Observing local culture,consciously and unconsciously,can reduce the chance of offendingthe locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment and even conflict. 無論是否意識(shí)到,遵循當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕梢詼p少冒犯當(dāng)?shù)厝说臋C(jī)會(huì),否則,就會(huì)導(dǎo)致尷尬甚至沖突。
4、Space exploration, some people believe,will bring some unexpected discoveries. 有人相信空間探索將會(huì)帶來意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
十、原因句
幾乎所有的寫作試題都要求寫原因或者可以寫原因。議論文的講道理實(shí)際就是說明原因。因此,掌握好表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)是十分重要的。
1、Violent films can do harm to young people,because they contains numerous negative information.暴力影片對(duì)年輕人是有害的,因?yàn)槠渲邪罅控?fù)面信息。
2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction.野生動(dòng)物滅絕的.主要責(zé)任在人類。
3、We should attribute(ascribe)medical advances tothe animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment.我們應(yīng)該把醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歸因于動(dòng)物對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the most serious problems.由于人口過剩,水短缺已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)最嚴(yán)重的問題。
5、Owing to the fiercecompetition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure.由于當(dāng)今世界的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng),大量的年輕人承受巨大的壓力。
對(duì)于上述“十大句式”,具備以下顯著特點(diǎn):
1.“十大句式”具有普遍性。事實(shí)上,“十大句式”在閱讀文章和寫作范文中出現(xiàn)頻率相當(dāng)高,也是廣大科研人員非常熟悉的句式?梢哉f,句句皆是萬用的。一旦科研人員熟練地掌握了它們的用法,就能根據(jù)內(nèi)容表達(dá)的需要,隨時(shí)派上用場(chǎng)。用句夸張的話來說,就是“不怕寫不到,就怕想不到”。
2.“十大句式”的提出基本符合最新科技論文寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的要求!笆缶涫健敝谐朔穸ň洹⒌寡b句、插入語一般可以寫成簡(jiǎn)單句以外,其它6到7句都屬于復(fù)合句,占到總數(shù)的三分之二以上。換句話說,如果科研人員能運(yùn)用十大句式正確地寫出句子,那么不僅復(fù)雜句的數(shù)量就可以達(dá)到6到7分規(guī)定的要求,而且句式呈現(xiàn)多樣化,復(fù)合句和簡(jiǎn)單句交錯(cuò)使用,以增強(qiáng)文章表達(dá)效果。
3. 增強(qiáng)科研人員句式的寫作意識(shí)!笆缶涫健睂(duì)科研人員來講,并不陌生,然而在寫作考試中,由于時(shí)間緊迫,科研人員平時(shí)又缺乏運(yùn)用已經(jīng)掌握的句式的意識(shí),因此多數(shù)科研人員以自己頭腦中拼湊的中式英語取而代之,往往想不到運(yùn)用這些句式。
4. 多數(shù)感覺句子寫起來揮灑自如的科研人員,其中或多或少地在使用十大句式,在一定程度上說明他們頭腦中已經(jīng)培養(yǎng)起句式寫作潛意識(shí)。
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