與紐約相關(guān)的詞匯
大家知道與紐約相關(guān)的詞匯么?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。
1. Big Apple
1. 大蘋果
The Big Apple actually began as a way to refer to the horse-racing circuit of New York City. According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), it was used in the early 20th century to refer to 'something regarded as the most significant of its kind'. Soon, the term was being used with reference to the city itself. In 1970, the popularity of the term exploded, though, when it was part of a campaign led by Charles Gillett of the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau.
實際上大蘋果最初是紐約城內(nèi)賽馬路線的代稱。據(jù)牛津英語詞典的說法，它在20世紀初期用來指代“被認為至關(guān)重要的某類事物”。很快它就與紐約城本身聯(lián)系起來了。1970年，紐約觀光局局長查爾斯·吉列特開展了一系列以“大蘋果”為主題的城市宣傳活動，這才使得該表達極為流行。
2. Broadway
2. 百老匯
Broadway, which figures into the dreams of every high school theater buff, refers specifically to thecluster of theaters on or close to Broadway in midtown Manhattan near Times Square, but more allusively to show business at large. It's sometimes known as the 'Great White Way' due to the brilliant street illuminations and signage.
百老匯是每位高中戲劇迷做夢都想去的地方。它特指曼哈頓中城區(qū)百老匯大街和時代廣場那一帶的劇場區(qū)，不過百老匯更多地暗指整個演藝界。有時它因街區(qū)燈火闌珊、廣告牌璀璨而被稱為“不夜街”。
3. Empire City (and State)
3. 帝國城(和帝國州)
References to the empire city and the empire state – referring to New York and New York City's prominent reputations – date back to the first half of the 19th century. In recent years, the term Empire State has seen some lift thanks in part to Jay-Z, whose song with Alicia Keys, 'Empire State of Mind', was a #1 Billboard hit in 2009.
帝國城與帝國州分別道出了紐約州和紐約城的顯赫名聲，它們能追溯到19世紀上半葉。近年來，帝國州這一名稱被提及的次數(shù)又有所增加，這還多虧了那首2009年登上美國Billboard榜首的歌——由美國嘻哈天王Jay-Z與艾麗西亞·凱斯合唱的《帝國之心》。
4. Murderers' Row
4. 殺手列陣
New York City, it turns out, has played host to both a literal and a figurative murderers' row. The first instance of murderers' row refers to the row of cells in a prison, originally in NYC's Tombs Prison, in which condemned murderers or other violent criminals are held. The figurative use of murderers' row comes from baseball slang, meaning a 'group of powerful hitters batting in succession for a particular team', notably the New York Yankees of the 1920s, which included Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig.
事實證明，無論是字面意義上，還是引申來講，紐約城均是殺手列陣的駐扎點。頭個殺手列陣原指紐約城的墓地監(jiān)獄里關(guān)押死刑犯或其他暴力罪犯的囚牢。而其引申義則是棒球俗語，意為“接連為某支隊伍效力的一群實力派擊球手”，正像20世紀20年代家喻戶曉的紐約洋基隊中，隊員包括貝比·魯斯和盧・賈里格。
5. Tin Pan Alley
5. 錫盤巷
Not actually referring to an alley or a street, Tin Pan Alley was the name given to a district in New York City, around Broadway and 28th Street, where many songwriters, arrangers, and music publishers were based. Some of the most noted composers of popular music during the first half of the 20th century worked here, including Irving Berlin, Jerome Kern, George Gershwin, Cole Porter, and Richard Rodgers. The term tin pan comes from slang referring to a cheap, 'tinny' piano, with reference to the constant piano-playing heard in the area.
Tin Pan Alley并非真的指一條小巷或街道，而是紐約城百老匯街道和第28號街附近區(qū)域的名字。那兒是眾多歌曲作家、樂曲改編者和音樂版權(quán)管理人的'聚集地。在20世紀上半葉，一些聲名鼎沸的流行音樂作曲家都在這工作，其中包括歐文·柏林、杰羅姆·克恩、喬治·格什溫、科爾·波特以及理查德·羅杰斯。“錫盤”原是指代廉價劣質(zhì)鋼琴的俗語，和這一區(qū)域中經(jīng)常聽到的鋼琴演奏相關(guān)連。
6. Upstate
6. (美國一州遠離大城市的)邊遠地區(qū)
In no US state does the word upstate carry so much of a connotation as in New York. In the state of New York, everything that is not New York City is sometimes referred to as upstate. In fact, quips about the Bronx being 'upstate' are heard so frequently as to count as a clichéd joke. The OED notes that the term is frequently used with reference to the New York state.
美國沒有哪個州比紐約更能在upstate一詞上承載如此多的內(nèi)涵了。在紐約州，有時人們會把紐約城外的一切稱作是upstate。實際上，像“布朗克斯區(qū)位列紐約城內(nèi)的邊遠地區(qū)”這樣的俏皮話被人說得如此頻繁，現(xiàn)在都可算作是老掉牙的玩笑了。牛津英語詞典標注著，upstate這詞經(jīng)常被用于介紹紐約州。
7. Wall Street
7. 華爾街
Though there is an actual 'Wall Street' in the downtown financial district of New York City, Wall Street is generally used today as a metonym for the wider world of American finance. In American politics, the term is sometimes used as the metaphorical counterpart of 'Main Street', referring both to small towns and small business interests.
盡管紐約城市中心的金融區(qū)的確有條街名為“華爾街”，但是華爾街如今通常被用來指代更廣闊的美國金融世界。在美國政治這一范疇，“華爾街”有時被賦予的隱喻義，與代表小城鎮(zhèn)和小企業(yè)利益的“商業(yè)街”(Main Street)相對立。
8. Madison Avenue
8. 麥迪遜大街
Another famous street in New York City, Madison Avenue became well known as the center of the advertising business in the US, and has since been used, like Wall Street, as a metonym for the US advertising business at large. The term 'mad men', a punning blend of 'Madison Avenue' and 'ad men', was popularized by the AMC television show Mad Men.
麥迪遜大街是紐約城內(nèi)又一條聞名的街道，它作為美國的廣告行業(yè)中心而廣為人知。就像華爾街一樣，麥迪遜大街被人提及時，通常指美國的廣告業(yè)。而AMC的電視節(jié)目《廣告狂人》捧紅了‘mad men’這一表達，它是將“麥迪遜大街”與“廣告人”相結(jié)合，具有雙關(guān)的意味。
9. Ground Zero
9. 世貿(mào)大廈遺址
Although the term ground zero existed beforehand – referring to the 'point on the earth's surface directly above or below an exploding nuclear bomb' – it quickly came into use to refer to the site of the former World Trade Center following the terrorist attacks on September, 11 2001. In extended use, the term has been used to refer to any site of devastation, disaster, or attack.
盡管ground zero這一表達先前就有，它意指“爆炸的核彈正上方或正下方的地球表面落點”。但在2001年9月11號的恐怖襲擊后，它很快便用來指代世貿(mào)中心遺址。這個詞組若引申來用，可以指任何遭受破壞、災(zāi)難或攻擊的地點。
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