航海英文術(shù)語(yǔ)盤點(diǎn)

　　2016年5月10日，由英國(guó)布雷塔尼亞保賠協(xié)會(huì)(Britannia)舉辦的Britannia Superintendents' & Officers' Seminar在上海王寶和大酒店舉行，鑫裕盛代表團(tuán)一行人出席會(huì)議，現(xiàn)在讓我們一起去溫習(xí)有關(guān)于船舶安全所需要了解的那些英文專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。

　　Safety Systems - are they working?

　　安全系統(tǒng) - 這些有用嗎?

　　ISM covers all ships

　　ISM適用于所有船舶

　　ISM objectives

　　ISM目標(biāo)

　　Ensure safety at sea:

　　確保海上安全：

　　-Prevention of injury of loss of life

　　防止人員傷亡

　　-Avoidance of damage to environment

　　避免損害環(huán)境

　　-Avoidance of damage to property

　　避免損害財(cái)產(chǎn)

　　Provide Safe Practices in shipboard operation

　　提供船上操作之安全實(shí)務(wù)

　　Identify the risks and provide safeguards

　　辨識(shí)可預(yù)見之風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并提供預(yù)防措施

　　Continuous improvement of safety management both ashore and at sea

　　持續(xù)不斷改善岸上及船上安全管理制度

　　Key shipboard operations

　　船上主要操作項(xiàng)目

　　Not defined by ISM however our view is:

　　ISM雖未定義，但我們認(rèn)為應(yīng)包括下列各項(xiàng)：

　　-Working aloft 高空作業(yè)

　　-Working outboard 舷外作業(yè)

　　-Entry into enclosed spaces 進(jìn)入封閉空間

　　-Tank cleaning 清潔液艙

　　-Lifeboat maintenance 救生艇保養(yǎng)

　　-Welding-hot work 焊接-明火作業(yè)

　　-Working with pressure equipment - air lines, gas bottles

　　工作時(shí)使用壓力設(shè)備-空氣管路、空氣瓶

　　-Machinery maintenance 機(jī)械保養(yǎng)

　　-Using lifting gear 使用吊掛械具

　　-Any others?

　　Port state control - are you prepared?

　　港口國(guó)管制 - 你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?

　　Concentrated inspection campaign (CIC)

　　重點(diǎn)檢查活動(dòng)(CIC)

　　CICs focus on specific areas where high levels of deficiencies have been encountered by PSCOs, or

　　CICs主要針對(duì)特殊項(xiàng)目檢查，通常是那些被港口國(guó)管制官員(PSCOs)發(fā)現(xiàn)到的瑕疵比例較高的項(xiàng)目，或者是

　　Where new convention requirements have recently entered into force

　　當(dāng)最近有新的國(guó)際公約規(guī)定生效實(shí)施時(shí)

　　Paris MOU campaigns take place each year over a period of 3 months (September - November) and are combined with a regular inspection

　　巴黎備忘錄活動(dòng)每年定期舉辦一次為期三個(gè)月(9月到11月)的重點(diǎn)檢查，與例行檢查合并進(jìn)行

　　Risk assessment - what is risk?

　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 - 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是什么?

　　Hazard - a source of potential harm of damage or a situations with potential for harm or damage

　　潛在危害 - 可能有上�；驌p害之來(lái)源，或者是可能會(huì)造成傷害或損害之情況

　　Risk - the likelihood that a hazard may occur; AND the consequences of the hazardous event

　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn) - 發(fā)生潛在危害的可能性;以及潛在危害事件導(dǎo)致的后果

　　Risk assessment - principles

　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 - 原則

　　Careful examination of operations

　　仔細(xì)檢視作業(yè)內(nèi)容

　　Identify risks

　　辨識(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　Put into place procedures to minimise the risk

　　建立程序以減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　Review effectiveness of controls

　　檢討風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施是否有效

　　The aim is to minimise accidents and ill health.

　　主要目標(biāo)在于減少意外以及有礙健康事故的發(fā)生

　　Process should be simple but MEANINGFUL

　　過程應(yīng)保持簡(jiǎn)單但必須有意義

　　Continuous process - all persons involved

　　這是個(gè)持續(xù)的過程 - 所有人員都應(yīng)參與

　　Must be reasonable and understood by all those conducting the work

　　這個(gè)過程必須合理，且應(yīng)讓從事相關(guān)作業(yè)的所有人員充分了解

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