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中考英語語法賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)資料
賓語從句(The Object Clause)在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。賓語從句通常由下面一些詞引導(dǎo)。
1、由that引導(dǎo)(that在口語或非正式文體中常省略)。
2、由what , when , where, which, who, how ,why等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)。
3、由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)(口語中常用if)。
應(yīng)注意的幾個問題:
1、賓語從句可放在形容詞后。常用形式是“be+形容詞+賓語從句”
e.g. I am glad you like it .
2、賓語從句與主句時態(tài)的一致。
1)主句是現(xiàn)在(或?qū)?時態(tài)時,賓語從句可根據(jù)實際需要用不同的時態(tài)。
如:He says Mary is playing with the cat .
He says Mary often plays with the cat.
He says Mary will play with the cat.
I think he left yesterday morning.
2) 主句時態(tài)是一般過去時,從句要用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。
He said Mary was playing with the cat.588.es
He said he hoped to be back soon..
3)當(dāng)從句所表示的是客觀事實或客觀真理時,該從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時,不用過去時。
如:He said light travels much faster than sound.
3、賓語從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如果主句謂語動詞是think , believe suppose 等,而從句的意思是否定的,這時主句的謂語動詞用否定式,從句用肯定式。如:
I don’t think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。
4、將普通的特殊疑問句變成賓語從句時,從句的語序要由疑問句變成陳述句的語序。
When will the meeting begin?-------I want to know when the meeting will begin.
5、將普通的一般疑問句變成賓語從句時,則用if /whether連接,同時變成陳述句語序。
Are you an English teacher ?-------He asked if I was an English teacher.
在下列情況下只能用whether
1)介詞后的賓語從句 I’m thinking about whether we should go fishing.
2)賓語從句提前時 Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
3)直接與or not連用時 I don’t know whether or not he was ready.
4)在帶to 的動詞不定式前 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.
if也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表示“如果”(主將從現(xiàn),主過從過)。比較:
I don’t know if he will come. If he comes ,I will tell you.
6、在變賓語從句時,要注意以下幾點。1)連接詞 2)人稱 3)語序 4)時態(tài) 5)標(biāo)點
【中考范例】
1. (北京市中考試題)
Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和時態(tài),所以應(yīng)選D。
2. (上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。主句用的實際上是現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句在這個句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和一般過去時。
3. (哈爾濱市中考試題)
I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。只有B在語序和時態(tài)上符合要求。
4. (常州市中考試題)
---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知:他們說的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語序不對,只有C正確。
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