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春節(jié)由來雙語
春節(jié)是中國人最為重視的節(jié)日，是我國最為盛大、熱鬧的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)佳節(jié)。下面是由應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生小編為大家?guī)淼年P(guān)于春節(jié)由來雙語，希望能夠幫到您!
春節(jié)由來
Chinese people held the first New Year Festival more than 3,000 years ago. Farmers gave thanks for the harvest and prayed. They asked the gods for good crops in the coming year.
中國人慶祝中國傳統(tǒng)新年已經(jīng)有3000多年的歷史了，農(nóng)民感謝上蒼賜予好的收成，同時(shí)禱告來年有好的收成。但是關(guān)于慶祝新年的背后，有一個(gè)故事，下面就是關(guān)于慶祝新年的傳說。
But there is a story behind all the celebration, below is the legend of how the Chinese New Year celebration began.
據(jù)傳，有一個(gè)食人野獸叫“年”，有一張能一口吃掉好幾個(gè)人的血盆大口。這個(gè)怪物在山上找不到吃的的時(shí)候，就會(huì)下山到附近村莊，攻擊和吃掉所有能吃的動(dòng)物，包括人。村民們整個(gè)冬天都在恐懼中度過。
According to legend, there was a man-eating wild monster "Nian" with an extremely large mouth, capable of swallowing several people in a single bite. This beast appeared in a country village, towards the end of winter when there was nothing to eat it would visit the villages and attack and eat whatever it could. The villagers would live in terror over the winter.
據(jù)傳說，有一個(gè)人吃的野生怪物“年”一個(gè)非常大的口，吞咽幾個(gè)人在一個(gè)單一的叮咬。此獸出現(xiàn)在鄉(xiāng)村，對(duì)冬季結(jié)束時(shí)，有沒有吃的，它會(huì)到村里去，什么能吃就吃什么，所以整個(gè)冬天村民都生活在恐懼之中。
The next year it returned and the same thing happened. The monster seemed too strong to be defeated. So all the villagers would take their old and young deep into the mountains to hide from Nian.
來年冬天，怪獸如期而至，同樣的悲劇再次發(fā)生，怪獸之強(qiáng)壯非常人能夠擊倒，所以所有村民都攜帶全家老小到深山躲藏，以避免成為“年”的食物
One day, a wise old man passed through the village and told an old woman, "I will teach you how to scare Nian away!"
有一天，一個(gè)充滿智慧的老人經(jīng)過村莊，告訴一個(gè)老婦人：“我叫你怎么把年嚇跑”。
That evening when Nian arrived at the village, he saw that all the houses were dark except the house in which an old woman lived. Nian approached the house, licking his lips in anticipation. Suddenly, the deafening noise of firecrackers sounded endlessly.
當(dāng)天晚上，當(dāng)年踏進(jìn)村子時(shí)，它見村里所有的屋子沒有燈光，除了那個(gè)老夫人家亮著燈。年靠房子，舔著嘴唇，期待著自己的晚餐。突然，震耳欲聾的鞭炮聲在耳邊響個(gè)不停。
The monster was startled and jumped. Suddenly he realized that the house was covered in red paper. This scared him even more and it ran off into the mountains. When the villagers returned they saw that the old woman was unharmed! People later learned that "nian" was afraid of loud noises and the color red, The villagers came together and agreed that when it was time for Nians annual visit towards the end of winter they would start a fire in front of every door and not go to sleep but rather make noise.
“年”被鞭炮聲嚇得跳起來，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)房子外面貼著紅紙，這個(gè)把怪獸嚇得落荒而逃，村民回到村莊發(fā)現(xiàn)老婦人毫發(fā)無傷。后來，村民知道了這個(gè)叫“年”的怪獸害怕噪聲和紅色，于是村里的村名都贊同，在“年”下一次“光顧”村莊的時(shí)候，家家戶戶都在門前點(diǎn)起火，守歲然后制造“動(dòng)靜”。
The following year, the villagers were ready for it. They set off firecrackers, lit all their lamps and decorated their houses in red, they paste red paper on the doors, wear red clothing, hang up red lanterns. They made loud music, play the gong and drums and they dance and burn the fireworks whenever Nian was about to arrive, to scared away the beast.
第二年，村名們都做足了準(zhǔn)備，他們準(zhǔn)備好了鞭炮，點(diǎn)燃了所有的燈，把房子裝飾橙紅色，在門上貼紅紙，穿紅色的衣服，手里拎著紅燈籠。她們敲鑼打鼓大聲彈唱，跳舞，走到哪里鞭炮就點(diǎn)到哪里。
Nian had not come down the mountain to cause any trouble thereafter.
年從此以后再?zèng)]敢到這個(gè)村里惹麻煩了
This eventually become a tradition of China and leads to the celebration for another year of safe life. Chinese people celebrate in remembrance of this legend and still continues till today!
這就成了中國的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，慶祝一年的平安，中國人以此傳說慶祝新年，直到今天。
廣東人過年的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗
1、掃塵
清潔衣物被帳，打掃屋頂屋角，洗凈臺(tái)凳桌椅的污垢，謂之“掃塵”。相傳它始于古代人們除疫祛災(zāi)的一種迷信儀式。唐代盛行此俗。宋人是吳自牧所作的記錄蘇杭民間風(fēng)俗的《夢梁錄》云：“十二月盡，……士庶人家不論大小，俱灑掃門閭，去去年塵穢，凈庭戶……以祈新歲之�！�
2、送灶君
以前，不論貧富，家家都有灶君神位，灶君是奉天上玉帝之命，到人世間視察善惡的，他的神位安在灶臺(tái)的壁上，上貼大紅紙寫的“灶君之神位”幾個(gè)大字；兩旁有一副小對(duì)聯(lián)：上天奏好事，下地保平安。紅紙下有一小型香爐，是戶主每月初一、十五及逢年過節(jié)拜祭時(shí)插香燭用。到了灶君上天的十二月廿三晚，一些生活過得去的人家還要買一對(duì)用金紙剪塑成、高約12公分的灶花插在香灶兩邊，令昏暗的灶壁熠熠生輝。灶君坐鎮(zhèn)人間，受每家之香火亦負(fù)起保護(hù)每家人平安健康的重任。
灶君上天，就是要在玉帝面前稟奏一家人的功與過。功大于過，天宮會(huì)賜福，反之會(huì)降災(zāi)禍。這天一大早，人們就會(huì)買兩根帶蔗葉的甘蔗，以作天梯；還要買拜祭的雞、魚、豬肉等三牲，有茶有酒，讓他吃飽喝醉，以便在玉帝前說吉利的話。民間傳說灶君是大老粗，不識(shí)字，故要在灶神下放二個(gè)柑或大橘，兩片紅糖，以甜味封住他的嘴說好話，又因他是粗人，故當(dāng)晚又要到香燭店買刻印好的“奏歲”形如一紙報(bào)告書文。在寫好的“奏歲”文章的空白處填寫全家的門牌號(hào)碼、人口、姓名及犯有某些對(duì)灶君不敬的事(如在灶前脫衣服、說粗話等)，請(qǐng)其原諒等字眼，折好放入專門的信封(買“奏歲”時(shí)已備有)。
拜祭時(shí)，用紙做的黑色灶君衣是送給他去見玉帝時(shí)穿的新衣，與“奏歲”信，隨紙寶香燭一齊燒掉，燒完后將糖與大橘放大米缸留待灶君年三十晚回來享用。
3、除夕
農(nóng)歷年的最末一天稱歲除，這天晚上稱除夕，潮汕習(xí)俗謂之“過年”。
除夕前人們便忙碌張羅備辦各式年貨了：買雞、鵝、鴨、魚肉；添制新衣飾；新購家具、器皿；選購年畫、春聯(lián)等。尤其要買柑桔、青橄欖等水果作象征吉祥如意和迎送親友的佳果。舊俗過年前，男必新理發(fā)，女必“挽面”，現(xiàn)女子多為剪發(fā)美容。
農(nóng)歷十二月二十四日是“神明”上天“述職”之時(shí)。是日起，家家戶戶大掃除，用物和被帳都行清洗，謂之“采囤”。
除夕前一二天，家家戶戶制作各式粿品，以備過年之用。
除夕日外出家人都得趕回家團(tuán)聚。除夕夜全家圍爐吃團(tuán)圓飯。飯后大人們給孩童、子女給父母上輩，分發(fā)“壓歲錢”。是晚農(nóng)家水缸要貯滿水，米缸要填滿米，燈火不能熄滅，以象征“歲歲有余”、“年年不斷炊”的好兆頭。
過年夜守歲之俗十分普遍。守候新春來臨，新年鐘聲敲響，家家戶戶鳴放鞭炮。
4、送壓歲錢
送壓歲錢是潮汕春節(jié)習(xí)俗中重要的一項(xiàng)，長輩要分錢給后輩，能掙錢的后輩也要送錢給長輩。這些錢不能直愣愣地送，而要很講究地裝在一個(gè)利市包中，或者用一塊紅紙包看。這俗稱為“壓肚腰”，意謂一年從頭到尾，腰包里都會(huì)滿滿實(shí)實(shí)、富富裕裕。特別有趣的是，小孩臨睡前，父母必將一張大面值鈔票放在小孩肚兜中，睡醒后即將鈔票取回。
5、拜年，送大桔
拜年，又稱為“拜正”。初一一早，人們起床穿好新衣后，第一件事是自家對(duì)拜，往往是后輩先祝福長輩，然后長輩再給后輩曉以期望。早飯后，就各自向自己的親朋好友拜年。潮汕俗諺說：“有心拜年初一、二，無心拜年初三、四�！闭f的是拜年越早越見其誠意。故此，有的人起床后就立刻向親戚朋友拜年去了，回來后才吃飯。
拜年的人，無論帶了多少禮物，其中大桔(潮州柑)是不可少的。大桔取其諧音“大吉”，帶多帶少都沒有關(guān)系，但是不能是奇數(shù)。拜年者進(jìn)了親友的門，應(yīng)該看不同對(duì)象說不同的祝語。對(duì)老人說“新春如意”“壽比南山”，老人會(huì)咧開沒牙的嘴笑；對(duì)有工作的人則說“工作順利”、“新年進(jìn)步”，聽的人會(huì)覺得十分順耳；如果是做生意的人，最中聽的莫過于“新年大賺”、“發(fā)財(cái)利市”了；如果是正在讀書的小孩，他們最希望的莫過于新年學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步、成績突出。送他們這種祝語，他們會(huì)對(duì)你十分友善。落座后，主人會(huì)殷勤沏上聞名遐邇的潮汕工夫茶待客。臨走，主人便會(huì)從來者的禮物中留下兩個(gè)大桔，然后取出自家大桔交換，意在互贈(zèng)吉祥。有好詣詼諧者新正出門給人拜年，往往只在褲兜里裝上兩個(gè)大桔，一一拜年后，褲兜里依然是裝著兩個(gè)大桔不變。因此，民間有善詣?wù)叻Q年初的拜年禮俗為“換柑運(yùn)動(dòng)”。
The traditional customs of Guangdong people during the Chinese New Year
1. Sweeping dust
Cleaning clothes and bedding, cleaning the corners of the roof, and washing away dirt from benches, tables, and chairs is called "sweeping the dust". It is said that it originated from a superstitious ritual of ancient people to eliminate epidemics and disasters. This custom was prevalent in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty was written by Wu Zimu in the "Dream of Liang Lu", which records the folk customs of Suzhou and Hangzhou. It goes: "At the end of December,... regardless of the size of the scholar or commoners family, they will sweep the doorstep, remove the dust and filth from last year, and purify the courtyard households... to pray for a new year."
2. Sending off the Kitchen God
In the past, regardless of wealth, every family had the position of Kitchen God. Kitchen God was ordered by the Jade Emperor from heaven to inspect good and evil in the world. His position was placed on the wall of the stove, with the words "Kitchen Gods Position" written on large red paper; There is a pair of small couplets on both sides: Heaven plays good deeds, and earth plays safe. There is a small incense burner under the red paper, which is used by the head of household to incense candles on the first and fifteenth days of each month and during festivals and festivals. On the evening of December 23rd, when the Kitchen God ascended to heaven, some decent families would also buy a pair of stove flowers cut from gold paper and about 12 centimeters high to be placed on both sides of the incense stove, making the dim stove walls shine brightly. Zao Jun sits in the mortal world, receiving the incense of every family and also bearing the responsibility of protecting the safety and health of every family member.
The Kitchen God ascended to heaven to report the merits and demerits of his family to the Jade Emperor. Merit is greater than fault, and the Heavenly Palace will bestow blessings; conversely, it will bring disaster. Early in the morning, people will buy two sugarcane with sugarcane leaves as a ladder; We also need to buy three sacrificial animals, including chicken, fish, and pork, with tea and wine, to make him eat and drink, so that he can speak auspicious words in front of the Jade Emperor. According to folk legend, the Kitchen God was a rough and illiterate person, so he had to put two oranges or big oranges and two pieces of brown sugar under the Kitchen God to seal his mouth with sweetness and say good things. Also, because he was a rough person, he had to go to the candle shop that night to buy a pre engraved "Sui Sui" shaped like a report. Fill in the blank space of the written "Sui Sui" article with the familys house number, population, name, and any disrespectful behavior towards the Kitchen God (such as taking off clothes in front of the stove, using vulgar language, etc.), asking for forgiveness, etc. Fold it up and put it in a special envelope (already prepared when buying "Sui Sui").
During the sacrificial ceremony, the black Kitchen Gods robe made of paper was given to him as a new garment to wear when he went to meet the Jade Emperor. It was burned along with the "New Years Eve" letter and a paper incense candle. After burning, the sugar and large oranges were enlarged into a rice jar and left for Kitchen God to enjoy when he returned on the evening of the 30th of the Lunar New Year.
3. New Years Eve
The last day of the lunar year is called the end of the year, and the evening of this day is called New Years Eve. Chaoshan customs refer to it as "celebrating the New Year".
Before New Years Eve, people are busy preparing various New Years goods: buying chicken, goose, duck, and fish; Add new clothing and accessories; Newly purchased furniture and utensils; Choose New Year paintings, Spring Festival couplets, etc. Especially, it is important to buy fruits such as citrus and green olives as a symbol of good luck and a great gift for family and friends. Before the Chinese New Year, it was customary for men to have their hair cut and women to have their faces tied. Nowadays, many women opt for haircuts and beauty treatments.
The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month is the time when the gods go up to heaven to report their duties. Starting from this day, every household undergoes a thorough cleaning, with items and bedding cleaned, known as "hoarding".
On the day or two before New Years Eve, every household prepares various types of rice cakes for the Chinese New Year.
On New Years Eve, family members have to rush home to reunite. On New Years Eve, the whole family gathered around the stove to have a reunion dinner. After meals, adults give children, children give parents and elders, and distribute "New Years money". At night, the water tank in a rural household needs to be filled with water, and the rice tank needs to be filled with rice. The lights cannot be extinguished, symbolizing the good omen of "surplus every year" and "continuous cooking every year".
The custom of watching the New Years Eve is very common. Waiting for the arrival of the New Year, the New Year bell rings, and every household sets off firecrackers.
4. Sending New Years greetings money
Sending New Years money is an important custom during the Chaoshan Spring Festival. Elders should share the money with younger generations, and younger generations who can earn money should also give money to their elders. These money cannot be given in a daze, but should be carefully packed in a profit bag or wrapped in a piece of red paper. This is commonly known as "pressing the belly and waist", which means that from beginning to end of the year, ones waist will be full and solid, rich and prosperous. It is particularly interesting that before the child goes to bed, the parents will put a large denomination banknote in the childs belly pocket, and retrieve it immediately after waking up.
5. New Year greetings, sending big oranges
New Year greetings, also known as "bowing to the right person". In the early morning of the first day of the lunar new year, when people wake up and put on new clothes, the first thing they do is to bow down at home. Often, younger generations first bless their elders, and then the elders give them expectations. After breakfast, they each bid New Years greetings to their relatives and friends. The Chaoshan proverb goes, "If you have the heart to pay New Years greetings on the first and second days, but not the heart to pay New Years greetings on the third and fourth days." It means that the earlier you pay New Years greetings, the more sincere you will be. Therefore, some people immediately pay New Years greetings to their relatives and friends after waking up, and only eat after returning.
No matter how many gifts people bring during the New Year, among them, big oranges (Chaozhou oranges) are indispensable. Da Ju has the homophonic sound "Da Ji", and it doesnt matter how much or how little it is, but it cannot be an odd number. New Year worshippers who enter the doors of relatives and friends should observe different objects saying different greetings. When saying "Happy New Year" and "Longevity is like the South Mountain" to the elderly, they will have a toothless smile; For those who have a job, saying "smooth work" and "progress in the new year" will be very pleasant to listen to; If you are a business person, the most popular ones are "making big profits in the new year" and "making money and benefiting the market"; If it is a child who is studying, what they most hope for is to make progress in their studies and achieve outstanding results in the new year. Sending them this kind of greeting will make them very friendly to you. After sitting down, the host will enthusiastically brew the famous Chaoshan Gongfu tea to entertain guests. Before leaving, the host will leave two big oranges in the gift from the recipient, and then take out their own big oranges to exchange, with the intention of giving each other good luck. A witty and witty person named Xin Zheng often only puts two big oranges in his pocket when he goes out to pay New Years greetings. After paying New Years greetings one by one, he still keeps two big oranges in his pocket. Therefore, some skilled folk people refer to the New Years greetings at the beginning of the year as the "exchange of oranges" movement.
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