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考研英語中that作限定詞或代詞的用法

時間:2020-12-26 11:44:14 考研英語 我要投稿

考研英語中that作限定詞或代詞的用法

  摘要:that是英語中十分常見的單詞,用法靈活多樣,是英語中最常用的詞匯之一。正因為它是我們認為自己最熟悉的單詞,反而容易忽視它。在考研英語中,對 that的考查包括三個方面:(1)that作指示代詞的用法;(2)that作連詞引導各類從句時,需要準確辨別從句類型。

考研英語中that作限定詞或代詞的用法

  that作限定詞或代詞

  that可以作限定詞或代詞連接名詞或名詞短語,也可單獨使用,用以指代人或者物。此外,that不僅可以指代單獨的人或物,還可以指代一句話。

  例:Furthermore, in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. [2006, text3]

  分析:

  A.分析句子結構。Furthermore, in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks //after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, //because there are fewer sharks around now.

  第一個句子的主句為a lot of fish were lost to sharks,介詞短語in the early days of long line fishing作狀語,after引導時間狀語從句。第二個句子主句是That is no longer a problem, that為代詞,because引導原因狀語從句。

  B.分析that指代。that指代第一句話,“a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked”,其中after引導時間狀語從句。

  C.譯文:而且,在使用多鉤長線捕魚的初期,許多魚被鉤住后又被鯊魚奪走。這不再是一個問題,因為附近的鯊魚更少了。

  that作副詞表示程度,相當于so

  例:It isn’t all that cold.天沒有那么冷。

  that作連詞引導各類從句

  (一)that引導名詞性從句

  that后面連接一個完整的陳述句,可以位于主語、賓語、表語或同位語的位置,分別引導主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。此時,that沒有實意,而且不在從句中做任何成分。that引導主語從句和同位語從句時不可以省略。

  例1:That the plates are movingis now beyond dispute.(主語從句)

  地球板塊是在漂移的,這一事實毋庸置疑。

  例2:The truth isthat everyone should take care of orphan, not just the authorities.(表語從句)

  事實是,所有人都應該照顧孤兒,而不僅僅是完全由政府承擔。

  例3:All people believedthat it was right to rescue the temple.(賓語從句)(注:that可以省略)

  所有人都認為拯救古廟是正確的。

  例4:The students expressed their hopethat they could be admitted by that university.(同位語從句)

  學生們表達了他們向被這所大學錄取的愿望。

  (二)that引導定語從句

  that引導定語從句,在從句中充當主語、表語或者賓語,既可以指代人,也可以指代物。that在定語從句中作賓語時,引導詞that可以省略。

  例1:The professor that you admire most will visit our university next month.

  你敬仰的`那個教授下月會到我們學校參觀。

  例2:This is one of the subways that will be put into use in two years.

  這是未來兩年內(nèi)將開通的地鐵之一。

  例3:I have nothing that is worth reading.

  我沒有什么值得一讀的東西。

 。ㄗⅲ寒斚刃性~中有不定代詞、形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞或者先行詞被the only,the very等限定詞修飾等情況下,定語從句引導詞也只能用that。)

 。ㄈ﹖hat與其他單詞結合引導狀語從句

  that可以和其他單詞結構共同引導狀語從句,例如such...that,so...that等引導結果狀語從句,in order that,so that等引導目的狀語從句,in that,now that,on the grounds that等引導原因狀語從句,suppose/supposing/assume/assuming/provided/providing that,on condition that等引導條件狀語從句等。

  例1:She has madesuchrapid progressthatbefore long she could pass the exam.

  她進步很快,不久就能通過考試的。

  例2:You should make full use of this opportunityso thatyou can get rich experience.

  你應該充分利用這次機會,以便獲得豐富的經(jīng)驗。

  例3:Supposing thatyou were in my position, what would you do?

  如果你在我的位置,你會怎么做?

  例4:On condition thatyou were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.

  如果你在沙漠中迷路,你應該盡早尋求幫助。

 。ㄋ模﹖hat引導強調(diào)句

  “It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that從句”是高頻使用的一種強調(diào)句型,其中被強調(diào)部分可以作從句的主語、賓語和狀語等。強調(diào)句中去掉“it is/was”和“that”后,句子成分和語義仍然完整。

  例:It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.

  戰(zhàn)爭結束后愛因斯坦才能重新進行他的研究工作。

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