在新GRE作文中,每一篇都需要有一定的論證手法呈現(xiàn),這樣才能使得新GRE寫作看起來(lái)比較有內(nèi)涵,能吸引考官的眼球。那考生都有哪些論證方法可以使用?小編在此為考生全面解讀GRE考試寫作的論證。
一、演繹推理論證法
將一個(gè)具體的事例運(yùn)用到一個(gè)一般性原則從而得出結(jié)論。
論點(diǎn):Demand for this product wii go up。
論據(jù):The price of the product is sliding.
推理依據(jù):Whenever prices of a product go down , demand for it rises.
(說(shuō)明:由論據(jù)“the price of the product is sliding ”推出論點(diǎn)“Demand for this product will go up”,這個(gè)過(guò)程是否有效取決于推理依據(jù)“whenever prices of a product go down , demand for it rises”是否成立。下面每一種論證方法都是如此)
二、定義法
界定一個(gè)概念的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)涵;或者認(rèn)定某個(gè)事物符合某個(gè)定義,從而得出結(jié)論。例如:
論點(diǎn):Radical feminists are not good citizens.
論據(jù):Radical feminists lack family values.
推理依據(jù):Family values characterize the good citizes.
三、因果關(guān)系論證法
將一個(gè)判斷放入一個(gè)因果關(guān)系中,指出它或者是原因,或者是結(jié)果。例如:
論點(diǎn):The internet may be causing depression.
論據(jù):When a group of people increased their use of the Internet , they felt depressed.
推理依據(jù):There are no other reasons for the group's depression.
四、歸納推理論證法
從若干個(gè)具體事例中推出共性的一般結(jié)論。如:
論點(diǎn):Everyone likes the movie.
論據(jù):I know three people who like the movie.
推理依據(jù):Three eaxmples are enough.