雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句的技巧有什么
雅思閱讀是雅思考試的重要組成部分，也是雅思考試中的難點(diǎn)，很多考生還不知該如何準(zhǔn)備備考，其實(shí)提高雅思閱讀能力的最根本方法就是多閱讀，但是你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在閱讀過程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多長(zhǎng)難句，這些長(zhǎng)難句會(huì)影響你對(duì)整篇文章的理解，下面由出國雅思頻道為您提供雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句技巧，供您參閱，歡迎您訪問出國瀏覽更多資訊。
雅思閱讀考試的部分，在一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間里要求眾多烤鴨們完成三篇800—1200詞的文章閱讀和題目解答，對(duì)于很多人來說，這個(gè)時(shí)間是不夠進(jìn)行完全閱讀的。要最有效率地善用時(shí)間，拿到自己滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)，我們可以從兩個(gè)方面入手：一方面是技巧，知道怎樣依據(jù)題目給出的指向，去文章的什么地方尋找答案;另一方面則是硬碰硬的速讀能力，很快地掃描全文，然后挑揀出有用信息所在的句子。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度來看，后者對(duì)于各位鴨鴨們更為重要，畢竟考到了滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)只是開始而非結(jié)束，去了自己心儀的學(xué)校以后還是要接受鋪天蓋地的英語材料轟炸。特別是對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間比較充分因此相對(duì)從容的同學(xué)，不如就從雅思備考的這個(gè)階段開始準(zhǔn)備吧。
英語的句式結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單：主謂賓和主系表。主謂賓是誰—干—什么，比如羊吃草。潔白可愛的小綿羊蹦蹦跳跳歡快活潑地在一望無垠的廣闊草原上幸福愉快地吃著鮮嫩碧綠的青草一樣也是主謂賓，只不過修飾成分多了些、顯得唐僧了些而已。主系表是誰—是—什么，復(fù)雜版本參考同上。要很快地理解這樣的句子，我們就要學(xué)會(huì)迅速地抓出句子的主干—也就是羊吃草的部分，至于其它的修飾部分可以先不過大腦。如果主干顯示本句子中包含了解題信息的'話，此時(shí)再去細(xì)細(xì)查看題目要問的細(xì)節(jié)信息也不遲。這樣的抓主干技巧一旦熟練，要有充分的時(shí)間通讀三篇文章、保證不遺漏任何信息地做題，也不是什么不可完成的任務(wù)了。特別是對(duì)于那些原本語言功底就不錯(cuò)、希望能以閱讀這一項(xiàng)的得分再提高一下總成績(jī)的同學(xué)來說，這是真正的終極技巧，要達(dá)到保8望9也是很有希望的哦。
針對(duì)兩種句式結(jié)構(gòu)的抓主干方法，簡(jiǎn)單說來如下：
化繁為簡(jiǎn)看懂句子
主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)：尋找謂語動(dòng)詞
主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：尋找系動(dòng)詞
也就是說，無論哪種句式，我們都要在心里默念尋找動(dòng)詞這個(gè)原則，以模糊匹配的方式來對(duì)應(yīng)最有意義的那個(gè)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)而確認(rèn)動(dòng)詞之前的主語和動(dòng)詞之后的賓語或表語。
一個(gè)句子之所以能夠拉長(zhǎng)，除了在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中加上許多修飾成分之外，還有可能是長(zhǎng)出了枝干—也就是加了從句，或者是由連詞和平衡結(jié)構(gòu)把若干簡(jiǎn)單句合并在了一起。雅思長(zhǎng)難句最頻繁出現(xiàn)的情況包括如下幾種：
定語從句：that， which(介詞+which)， who，…
原文 雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句技巧
狀語從句：v+ing
尋找平衡結(jié)構(gòu)：三大連詞 and/or/but，
not only…but also…
not…but…
no more/longer/less …than
as…as
not so …as…
還有一種特殊主系表值得單獨(dú)說一說：
There be句型：尋找中心詞
這個(gè)句型之所以特殊，是因?yàn)橄祫?dòng)詞和表語都已經(jīng)以倒裝的形式給出來了，欠缺的只是一個(gè)主語中心詞而已，因此我們看到了there be開頭的句子，一定先集中精力尋找到那個(gè)中心點(diǎn)。此外，這個(gè)句子是一些同學(xué)在雅思作文考場(chǎng)上易犯錯(cuò)誤的地方。在時(shí)間緊迫的壓力下，可能會(huì)有同學(xué)不自覺地受到了中文思維的影響，寫出諸如There are many people do something.此類的句子，如果在模擬考試的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)自己曾經(jīng)犯過這類筆誤，建議大家在考場(chǎng)上給自己留出1、2分鐘的檢查時(shí)間來。檢查方法也很簡(jiǎn)單，把there be兩個(gè)詞遮住，如果剩下的部分還能讀出一個(gè)完整的句子來，則原本的句子必定是有問題的，可以迅速把there be這兩個(gè)詞擦掉。
除了be動(dòng)詞外，還有一些there be形式的變體：
There come/comes/came
There appear/appears/appeared
There emerge/emerges/emerged
There may/might be
There can/could be
There happen to be
There used to be
There is/are going to be
其中后兩個(gè)句子中說到的情況一定是不存于當(dāng)下的，在判斷題(TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)中容易被揪出來做文章，出題思路是細(xì)節(jié)不一致的類型，答案多為FALSE。
原文 雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句技巧
結(jié)合課堂講解的部分，有時(shí)間的同學(xué)可以練習(xí)一下快速理解以下這些來自劍橋考題當(dāng)中的長(zhǎng)難句：
1. There are examples of languages that have survived in written form and then been revived by later generations. (4A0201)
2. In New Zealand， classes for children have slowed the erosion of Maori and rekindled interest in the language. (4A0201)
3. The former US policy of running Indian reservations schools in English， for example， effectively put languages such as Navajo on the danger list. (4A0201)
4. It is not necessarily these small languages that are about to disappear. (4A0201)
5. However， it wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle， which was the key to space travel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thought， that rocket technology was able to develop. (3A0101)
6. What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers， but how old they are. (4A0201)
7. In the Native American Navajo nation， which sprawls across four states in the American south-west， the native language is dying.(4A0201)
8. The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned， so that they are distributed in both the most just and most efficient way， is not a new one. (4A0403)
9. Every health system in an economically developed society is faced with the need to decide (either formally or informally) what proportion of the community’s total resources should be spent on health-care; how resources are to be apportioned; what diseases and diabilities and which forms of treatment are to be given priority; which members of the community are to be given special consideration in respect of their health needs; and which forms of treatment are the most cost-effective. (4A0403)
10. People are not in a position to exercise personal liberty and to be self-determining if they are poverty-stricken， or deprived of basic education， or do not live within a context of law and order. (4A0403)
11. The spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. (3A0202)
12. Animals at play often use unique signs—tail-wagging in dogs， for example—to indicate that activity superficially resembling adult behaviour is not really in earnest. (4A0203)
原文 雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句技巧
13. A few years ago， in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology， Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a leader in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform. (5A0102)
14. How can we possily account for this vast discrepancy between what calm， rational， knowledgeable people predict in the comfort of their study and what pressured， flustered， but cooperative teachers actually do in the laboratory of real life? (5A0102)
15. A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait， having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves， ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways. (5A0102)
16. Breeding seasons in animals such as birds have evolved to occupy the part of the year in which offspring have the greatest chances of survival. (5A0403)
17. This is the process by which plants use energy from the sun to convert carbon from soil or water into organic material for growth.(5A0403)
18. Recently， however， it has been experiencing something of a renaissance， with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors’ marketplace， and museums， societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material. (5A0201)
19. The fact that children’s ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them. (4A0101)
20. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted， but organised， conceptual framework， making it and the component ideas， some of which are erroneous， more robust but also accessible to modification. (4A0101)
21. Never before has the planet‘s linguistic diversity shrunk at such a pace. (4A0201)
原文 雅思閱讀攻克長(zhǎng)難句技巧
22. Not only did it solve a problem that had intrigued man for ages， but， more importantly， it literally opened the door to exploration of the universe. (3A0101)
23. Life itself was a perpetual and punishing search for food： some families grew manioc and other starchy crops in small garden plots cleared from the forest， while other members of the tribe scoured the country for small game and promising fish holes. (3A0302)
24. There is clear-cut evidence that， for a period of at least one year， supervision which increases the direct pressure for productivity can achieve significant increases in production. However， such short-term increases are obtained only at a substantial and serious cost to the organisation. (3A0403)
25. Of growing interest is the way in which much of what we might see as diaposable is， elsewhere， recycled and reused. (3A0301)
26. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted， but organised， conceptual framework， making it and the component ideas， some of which are erroneous， more robust but also accessible to modification. (4A0101)
27. The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people’s preferences as to where they live.
28. Take the exercise theory.
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