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托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句之插入語(yǔ)

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2017-12-03 編輯:少冰

  托福閱讀考試是考生最有希望拿到滿分的考試科目,對(duì)于托福閱讀最讓考生頭疼的可能就是長(zhǎng)難句了,那么托福閱讀的長(zhǎng)難句應(yīng)該如何解決呢?下面是小編為大家整理收集的關(guān)于托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句之插入語(yǔ)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,歡迎大家的閱讀。

  關(guān)于插入語(yǔ)的分類:

  1.形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)(true,wonderful,excellent,strange to say,most important of all, sure enough等)

  例一:True,he left us.

  例二:Most important of all,we must do enough research before writing a paper.

  2.副詞或副詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)(indeed,surely,still,otherwise,certainly,however,generally, personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly,perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,or rather等)

  例一:Indeed,it was the attitude and not the result that is important.

  例二:When we got there,we found,however,he had already gone.

  3.介詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)(in fact,in one’s opinion,in general,in a word,in other words,in a few words,of course,by the way,as a result,for example,on the contrary,on the other hand,to one’s surprise,in short,as a matter of fact,in conclusion,in brief等)

  例一:In fact,I failed the exam finally.

  例二:As a matter of fact,we are supposed to gain something after working hard.

  4.分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)(現(xiàn)在分詞-ing,過(guò)去分詞-ed)

  現(xiàn)在分詞:

  例一:Generally speaking,men are stronger than women.

  例二:Judging from the tone,I think Tom is in a bad mood.

  過(guò)去分詞:

  例一:Compared with women,men are stronger.

  5.不定式或不定式短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)(to be frank,to be honest,to be sure,to tell you the truth,to make matters worse,to sum up,to start with,to begin with等)

  例一:To tell the truth,it was Tom who stole the bag.

  例二:To conclude,chances are for the people who have prepared better.

  6.句子作插入語(yǔ)(I am sure,I believe,I think,I know,I suppose,I hope,I’m afraid,you see, what’s more,that is to say,as we know,as I see,believe it or not等)

  例一:What’s more,enough sleep ensures a better exertion.

  例二:We will win the match finally,I believe.

  若對(duì)英語(yǔ)中句子成分進(jìn)行劃分,有以下幾類:主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)表,尤其注意,在進(jìn)行理解和分類時(shí),綜上所述的插入語(yǔ)部分,并不在此列,屬于主句以外單獨(dú)的成分,實(shí)際對(duì)于主干的理解影響并不是特別重大。另外若對(duì)英語(yǔ)句子進(jìn)行分類,有以下三類:簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句,復(fù)合句,差別在于并列句存在連詞串聯(lián)下的多部分主干,復(fù)合句則是存在從句的附屬。

  在進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)難句分析時(shí),建議從以下幾步入手解題:

  1.根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn),連詞,先刪除和主干無(wú)關(guān)的部分(其中多數(shù)即為之前討論的插入語(yǔ)),找出各個(gè)獨(dú)立主干。

  2.根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,劃分句子成分,期間注意常見(jiàn)從句引導(dǎo)詞(that,which,who之類)。

  3.理解各部分主干,根據(jù)連詞關(guān)系進(jìn)行拼接。

  4.再加入已被刪除的插入成分,補(bǔ)全句子。

  分析以下句子:Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.

  1.逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的indeed部分,such as部分,即為插入語(yǔ),可以先省略不看,存在的兩部分主干為stability...features及even when引導(dǎo)的直至結(jié)尾部分的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

  2.主干一:stability部分不存在過(guò)于復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu),be動(dòng)詞is是核心動(dòng)詞,意為:生物鐘周期的穩(wěn)定性是該生物的主要特征之一。

  主干二:the organism部分存在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句部分,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為is subjected to(受限于),意為:生物的外界環(huán)境受限于一些非常重要的改變因素(這些改變?cè)颈蝗藗冾A(yù)期著會(huì)非常劇烈地影響生物活動(dòng))。

  3.兩部分主干用even when連接,按照國(guó)人思路習(xí)慣先行翻譯讓步條件,所以理解時(shí)后半句作為前置條件存在,再引出前句。后半句讓步意思:生物的外界環(huán)境受限于一些非常重要的改變因素(這些改變?cè)颈蝗藗冾A(yù)期著會(huì)非常劇烈地影響生物活動(dòng))。前半句主句意思:生物鐘周期的穩(wěn)定性是該生物的主要特征之一。

  4.加入插入語(yǔ)部分,原句理解:事實(shí)上,當(dāng)這個(gè)生物的外界環(huán)境受限于一些非常重要的改變因素時(shí),比如說(shuō)溫度(而這些改變?cè)颈蝗藗冾A(yù)期著會(huì)非常劇烈地影響生物活動(dòng)),該生物的生物鐘周期穩(wěn)定性依舊是它的一項(xiàng)主要特征。

  最后,再次強(qiáng)調(diào),插入語(yǔ)部分對(duì)于主干本身不產(chǎn)生過(guò)多影響,只要在閱讀過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)以上幾種類型,且使用逗號(hào)與原句主干部分分隔,則可以在理解初期刪除,在最后補(bǔ)全句子的過(guò)程中再回歸補(bǔ)充即可。
 


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