在托�？谡Z(yǔ)考試中，綜合口語(yǔ)中會(huì)涉及到聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容和閱讀內(nèi)容，只有掌握了這2個(gè)部分的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容才能更好的答題。那對(duì)于這2個(gè)部分的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容應(yīng)該如何把握呢?下面大家就隨小編一起去看看吧!
閱讀內(nèi)容：
❶ Revealing Coloration 00:45 seconds
❷ Many animals use coloration to protect themselves from predators. ❸ One defensive strategy involving the use of coloration is what is known as revealing coloration. ❹ Animals employing this strategy have an area of bright color on some part of their body, this bright color is usually hidden from predators’ view. When approached by a predator, the animal suddenly reveals the area of bright color, this unexpected display of color startles or confuses the predator and provides the would-be-prey with an opportunity to escape.
文本分析
Title:
Revealing Coloration
考生對(duì)Coloration一詞較熟，可預(yù)測(cè)段落解釋重點(diǎn)放在Revealing上。
定義:
❸中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了標(biāo)題Revealing Coloration，并且有非常明顯的提示詞known as 。結(jié)合內(nèi)容，動(dòng)物保護(hù)色是動(dòng)物進(jìn)行自我防御的一種策略。因此，該句是定義句。
注意點(diǎn):
很多考生認(rèn)為定義句一般出現(xiàn)在段落開頭，但❷中指出許多動(dòng)物用顏色作為保護(hù)，以預(yù)防捕食者的襲擊。這屬于背景敘述，不是定義句。
❹中是對(duì)動(dòng)物保護(hù)所采取的strategy的的具體描述，因?yàn)閺木漭^長(zhǎng)，考生應(yīng)該對(duì)內(nèi)容加以概括或適當(dāng)舍棄。
筆記
Title:
Revealing Coloration
定義:
defen strategy
use color.
答題要點(diǎn)：
Definition:
Revealing coloration is a defensive strategy used by animals to protect themselves from predators.
聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容：
❶ There’s a large tropical insect called the Peanut Bug. Yes, like the peanuts you eat. Um, and the ❷ Peanut Bugs front wings are colored so they blend in with their surroundings. But its back wings, which are usually closed and hidden, have these bright colorful spots on them. ❸ And when the Peanut Bugs are attacked, it suddenly opens its back wings and out pop these bright colors. And that surprises the predator and gives the Peanut Bug a chance to get away.
Um, ❹ then you have a butterfly called the morpho butterfly. And parts of the morpho butterfly wings are very shiny. They reflect a lot of sunlight. ❺ When this butterfly is resting, this shiny part of its wings is hidden. ❻ Now morpho butterflies are often attacked by birds. So when a bird approaches, the morpho flies away. And when the morpho flaps its wings, all the bird can see are flashes of light reflected from the morpho’s wings. Those flashes of light make it very difficult for the bird to follow the morpho. And the morpho is usually able to get away.
關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)
1 Example :
教授在講座中會(huì)用一個(gè)例子闡述閱讀材料中的學(xué)術(shù)話題。在這種情況下，考生在復(fù)述過(guò)程中，應(yīng)該盡可能地講出該例子中的細(xì)節(jié)，并注意細(xì)節(jié)與細(xì)節(jié)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
2 Examples:
或者，教授會(huì)在講座中用兩個(gè)例子闡述閱讀材料中的學(xué)術(shù)話題，兩個(gè)例子可能是有關(guān)于教授自身的經(jīng)歷，也有可能是來(lái)自其他方面。
注意點(diǎn):
如果講座中，教授講述的是一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)或者一項(xiàng)研究，考生務(wù)必從實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象、實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果三個(gè)方面去論述閱讀中的academic topic.
2 Examples:
❶ 中教授以the Peanut Bug為例來(lái)說(shuō)明解釋說(shuō)明Revealing Coloration。
❷ 中，教授說(shuō)道，Peanut Bugs的前翅是有顏色的，因此呈現(xiàn)出與周圍的環(huán)境很和諧的效果。❸中，指出Peanut Bugs一旦被襲擊，就會(huì)打開后翅out pop these bright colors，然后給自己可以逃離捕食者的機(jī)會(huì)。
❹中教授講了另一個(gè)例子the morpho butterfly，來(lái)進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明Revealing Coloration。❺中指出，當(dāng)這種butterfly休息的時(shí)候，翅膀的閃亮的部分就會(huì)被藏起來(lái)。❻中，教授繼續(xù)說(shuō)道，morpho butterflies 會(huì)遭到鳥類的攻擊，而翅膀的保護(hù)色會(huì)讓鳥類難以找到它們，而趁機(jī)逃跑。
兩個(gè)例子可以從“自身?yè)碛斜Ｗo(hù)色”和“借助保護(hù)色逃離被捕食”兩個(gè)角度分別敘述。
筆記
2 Examples:
Peanut Bug
前翅colored , 與環(huán)境和諧
attacked, open 后翅，get away
Morph. butterf.
shiny part , hidd
attacked ,difficu. follow
答題要點(diǎn)：
Example 1:
The first example is peanut bug. The peanut bug’s back wings are usually closed and have bright colorful spots on them. When peanut is attacked, it suddenly opens its back wings to show its bright colors that surprise its predators
Example 2:
The second example is morpho butterfly. Parts of Morpho Butterfly’s wings are very shiny. When the butterfly is resting, the wings are hidden. When the butterfly is attacked by birds, it flaps the wings to reflect flashes of light that can make it hard for birds to catch the butterfly.
答題模板：
In the reading, the article talks about___❶___, (which means___❷___)
In the listening, the professor gives out one/ two example(s) to explain the title.
For instance, ___________❸____________.
The second is___________❹____________.
Therefore, by giving out this/these example(s), the professor tells us the meaning of ______❺______.(optional)
模板解析：
根據(jù)拿到閱讀材料，立刻記下標(biāo)題的原則，❶中說(shuō)出具體title，之后根據(jù)提示詞找出定義句，❷中具體說(shuō)出definition。如果定義太長(zhǎng)或難以概括，可以省略不說(shuō)。
聽(tīng)講座時(shí)，帶著“老師用什么例子來(lái)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明”這個(gè)問(wèn)題去聽(tīng)。聽(tīng)力材料的前兩句話，老師會(huì)給出所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容的概括性介紹。再結(jié)合閱讀給出的概念。再聽(tīng)舉例說(shuō)明。其方法通常是舉出擴(kuò)展事例，舉反例或是短文中概念的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。
❸和❹處分別復(fù)述講座中教授是如何用一個(gè)或者兩個(gè)例子，具體說(shuō)明閱讀材料中的academic topic的。
最后，如果時(shí)間有多余，可以加上結(jié)尾句，在❺處重新說(shuō)出閱讀標(biāo)題，概括整個(gè)回答。