這一段作者引用了三個(gè)退役將軍StanleyMcChrystal， JohnBridgeland 和Alan Khazei對(duì)志愿活動(dòng)的支持，從理性角度讓讀者更信服公共服務(wù)號(hào)召的合理性。
“We’ve aremarkable opportunity now,” McChrystal says, “to move with the American people away from an easy citizenship that does not ask something from every American yet asks a lot from a tiny few.” We do, indeed, owe something to our country,and we owe an enormous debt to those who have done tour after tour in Iraq and Afghanistan.
作者使用來(lái)自McChrystal的權(quán)威引言(expert quotes)進(jìn)一步闡釋了為什么美國(guó)民眾需要志愿活動(dòng)，權(quán)威的話(huà)增加了論證的可信度。
同時(shí)本段還采用了重復(fù)(repetition)這一修辭手法，連用二個(gè)“owe” 更有力度的指出了我們對(duì)國(guó)家的虧欠。
McChrystalsees universal service as transformative. “It will change how we think about America and how we think about ourselves,” he says. And as a former leader ofan all-volunteer Army, he scoffs at the idea that giving young Americans astipend while they serve amounts to “paid volunteerism,” the phrase typicallyinvoked by critics of service programs. “If you try to rely on unpaid volunteerism,” he said, “then you limit the people who can do it. . . . I’d like the people from Scarsdale to be paid the same as the people from EastL.A.”
作者使用來(lái)自McChrystal的權(quán)威引言(expert quotes)來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一服務(wù)的意義菲方，權(quán)威的話(huà)增加了論證的可信度。使用“transformative”(改革)而不是“change”，這個(gè)措辭強(qiáng)調(diào)了這一服務(wù)的重大意義。
There are real challenges here. Creating the estimated 1 million service slots requiredto make the prospect of service truly universal will take money, from government and private philanthropy. Service, as McChrystal says, cannot just be a nice thing that well-off kids do when they get out of college. It has to draw in the least advantaged young Americans. In the process, it could open new avenues for social mobility, something the military has done for so many in the past.
作者使用數(shù)據(jù)論據(jù)(statistics)來(lái)說(shuō)明公共服務(wù)所面臨的一些挑戰(zhàn)。
Who knows whether the universal expectation of service would change the country as muchas McChrystal hopes. But we have precious few institutions reminding us to join the Founders in pledging something to each other. We could begin by debating this proposal in a way that frees us from the poisonous assumption that even an idea involving service to others must be part of some hidden political agenda.The agenda here is entirely open. It’s based on the belief that certain unalienable rights entail certain unavoidable responsibilities.
作者在結(jié)尾段用了一系列諸如“poisonous”， “hidden”， “entirelyopen”， “unavoidable”和 “unalienable”這樣的詞匯來(lái)訴諸于情感(pathos)，喚起讀者心里的強(qiáng)烈責(zé)任感。
總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這篇文章選題比較符合新SAT的似乎和風(fēng)格，行文觀點(diǎn)立場(chǎng)鮮明，沒(méi)有用很復(fù)雜的、很抽象的概念，風(fēng)格親切平易，分析性寫(xiě)作難度不大。文章的主題是 “young citizens should do more public services”, 作者采用多種方法來(lái)支持自己的主旨，其中最為顯著的是權(quán)威引言，措辭和訴諸于德。
考試建議：
1.大家平時(shí)要多閱讀報(bào)刊文章，堅(jiān)持每周一篇;
2.按照上文的方法做識(shí)別練習(xí);
3.多做特色段落練習(xí)。
2016年3月5日的這次新SAT美國(guó)首考為今年接下來(lái)的5場(chǎng)考試可謂是起到了風(fēng)向標(biāo)的作用，即將參加今年5月、6月、10月、11月和12月新SAT考試的考生們可以重點(diǎn)關(guān)注此次首考的題型、難度以及變化，及時(shí)抓住備考重點(diǎn)、避開(kāi)備考誤區(qū)，以便更高效地備考沖刺高分。